Study On Production Water Footprint Of Main Grain Crops In Yellow River Basin

The Yellow River Basin is a key area of the agricultural economic development in China.The Hetao Plain,Fenwei Basin and Yellow River Irrigation District are important agricultural production bases.The vast area of cultivated land in the Yellow River Basin is a serious shortage of cultivated land per hectare,and the spatial and temporal distribution of water resources is uneven.The supply and demand of water resources in the region is closely related to the national food security,and the shortage of water resources is an important factor restricting the sustainable development of economy and society.Study on tempo-spatial variations for agricultural production's water footprint in the Yellow River Basin can provide a basis for protecting the agricultural ecological environment and rational use of water resources,and ensuring regional and national food security.Based on the 29 meteorological and social-economic districts of the Yellow River Basin,this thesis mainly examins the climatic and geographic data from 1984 to 2013.By introducing advanced methods of domestic and overseas,we quantified the water footprint of the main grain crops including wheat and corn,analyzed its tempo-spatial evolution and influencing factors,and proposed countermeasures to help regulate the water footprint of agricultural production in the region.The main conclusions of this thesis are as follows:(1)The water footprints of wheat and corn show a decreasing trend.The downward trend of blue water footprint is greater than the green water footprint,and the proportion of green water footprint has increased.(2)In the different hydrological years,the production water footprint volume of wheat and corn is the largest in the very dry years,and the blue and green water footprint volume is the largest,followed by the years with dry and wet years,and the flat year is the smallest.The production water footprints and blue-green water footprints of wheat and maize are generally higher in the northwest region and lower in the southeastern region.(3)Comparing with wheat,corn is more sensitive to precipitation.The greater the rainfall,the more obvious the effect of east-west area water footprint value is.The difference of water footprint between east and west has a great influence on the water footprint of the whole river basin.(4)The spatial clustering of wheat and corn are mainly Low-Low and High-High,and the water footprint and blue water footprint are clustered.(5)Path analysis shows that the effects of average wind speed and sunshine hours are positive;the other factors are negative,and the total effect of agricultural production is strong.In terms of control of the water footprint,we should strengthen the investment of agricultural means of production,carry out agricultural structure adjustment,and implement the agricultural production water compensation system.