| In recent years,with the rapid economic growth and urbanization continues to accelerate,and because of the shortage of land the city center,the construction of more urban and suburban development of the original edge of the city,which makes the city outskirts original natural landscape severely damaged.In the urban planning,we often focus on the environmental protection in the urban area,and the neglect of the urban fringe leads to serious environmental pollution in the suburbs.The ecological system of the urban suburbs has become fragile and the ecological protection of the city has been seriously tested.In addition,urban residents in the tense pace of life more and more yearning to return to nature,hoping to have a natural place to relax.In this context,more and more attention has been paid to the country park.At present,the planning and construction of country parks have been set up in major cities in china.However,the study of country parks in China is still in the exploratory stage,but also lack a mature scientific and rational research system,and most of the research focused on theoretical planning,construction and development,tourism resources development,research on other areas of less.In this paper,the Nanshan Country Park in Shenzhen City was selected as the research object.The characteristics of plant community structure,plant community diversity and plant landscape evaluation were studied,and suggestions were put forward for the future planning and construction of country parks in Shenzhen and other areas And plant community research.The results of this paper are as follows:1.Plant community structure characteristics(1)From the plant species and sources of investigation,a total size of Nanshan park plants of 119 families,300 genera and 447 species,belonging to the number of the world occupy higher plants of 350 families of 34%,and the total number has reached the city of Shenzhen(more than 2800 kinds of wild and cultivated species including street)15.96%,said the overall plant species the size of Nanshan country park is very rich.(2)From the hierarchical structure of each plant community,the order of artificial plant community in Dananshan is more obvious,but the growth trend of natural plant community and semi-natural plant community in Xiaonanshan is better.In addition,the coverage of natural plant communities and semi-natural plant communities in Xiaonanshan was positively correlated with altitude,and the community coverage of the northern slope of Xiaonanshan was higher than that of the southern slope community at the same altitude.The main reason was that the southern slope community Human disturbance and environmental pollution are more serious.(3)From the dominant species of each plant community,Among the dominant species of plant communities,the dominated species of arbor layer in all plant communities were Sapium discolor and the dominant species of shrub layer was Psychotria rubra,and the dominant species of the herbaceous layer were Liriope spicata and Wedelia chinensis,indicating that these plants are widely distributed in Xiaonanshan and Dananshan.In addition,the dominant species composition of semi-natural plant communities is very similar to that of natural plant communities,but the distribution of dominant species is more uniform,while the dominant species of artificial plant communities are completely different.2.Plant community diversity(1)From the point of view of plant community diversity,the Simpson index of all communities had an average of 0.8520,the average of shrub layer was 0.9321,the herb layer was 0.7880,the Shannon-Wiener index had an average of 2.2001,The average value of the tree layer is 0.6074,the average value of the shrub layer is0.7702,and the herbaceous layer has an average of 2.7074,the average of the shrub layer is 0.7702,The average trend of 0.5319.15 plant community diversity index is shrub layer> tree layer> herb layer.(2)From the comparison of plant community types,the index data of species diversity,abundance and evenness of large and small Nanshan country parks were semi-natural plant communities> natural plant communities> artificial plant communities,which indicated that semi-natural plants The highest community diversity,the best community structure stability,followed by natural plant communities,and the worst artificial plant community.(3)From the plant community similarity coefficient,the similarity between the plant communities in the Nanshan Park was low,which indicated that the species diversity was higher in the whole area.In addition,the similarity between the natural plant community and the semi-natural plant community is high,but the similarity of artificial plant community is very low,which is related to the plant species selection in plant configuration.3.Evaluation of plant landscape(1)From the total weight of the evaluation factors of plant landscape,the total weight of all the evaluation factors was sorted as species diversity> vegetation natural degree> green looking ratio > plant health status> plant landscape hierarchy >vegetation coverage> Ornamental feature diversity >color richness> ecological dominance index> coordination with the surrounding environment> spatial permeability.In the criterion layer,the ecological weight value is 0.8333,the ornamental weight value is 0.1667,and the ecological weight value is larger than the ornamental weight value,which is in line with the ecological protection of the country park and the principle of recreation and viewing.(2)From the comprehensive evaluation results of plant landscape,there were four grade I plant landscapes,accounting for 26.67% of all plant communities;5plants of grade Ⅱ,accounting for 33.34% of all plant communities;There are three landscapes,each accounting for 20% of all plant communitie。... |
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