| The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of expanded corn straw biological fermentation feed content on Liaoyu white cattle(Fattening period)of the serum biochemical index、immune index and gastrointestinal microflora,To provide scientific basis for the scientific and rational application of expanded corn straw biological fermentation feed to feed Liaoyu white cattle.with similar weight(300-350KG)of healthy Liaoyu white cattle 40 cattle(ten months,no castration)are randomly divided into 4 groups.The experimental group is:control group:(100%base concentrate + yellow storage feed),test group 1(80%base concentrate + expanded corn straw fermentation feed),test group 2:(70%base concentrate + expanded corn straw fermentation feed),test group 3(60%base concentrate + expanded corn straw fermentation feed).The test period is 160 days,of which the pre-trial period is 30 days,the test period is 130 days,the test cattle are free to feed and drink water,and the feeding status and health status of the herd are observed every day.On the 80th day and 150th day of the experiment,five cattle are randomly selected to collect blood samples for the detection of serum biochemical index and immune index.To slaughter after the experiment,each group take three cattle rumen fluid,for high high-through sequencing analysis of rumen microflora.The main results are as follows:1.Detection of serum biochemical index find that expanded corn straw biological fermentation feed on blood serum Bun,TG,HDL,LDL,GOT,GPT,AKP had no significant effect(p>0.05),but there is increase of blood GLU and lower T-CHO in serum,and no damage to the body organs.2.Immune index detect in serum:Expanded corn straw biological fermentation feed increase the activity of immunoglobulin IgG,IgM and IgA in the blood,and the content of albumin and total protein in the experimental group is improved.3.the rumen flora high-through sequencing analysis:Bacteroides,Firmicutes as the control group and experimental group of dominant bacteria in the rumen bacteria,the Prevotellaceae for predominant bacteria in the rumen bacteria,Prevotella is a genus of bacteria in the rumen bacteria.The experimental group is added with expanded corn straw fermentation feed,break down cellulose in Firmicutes,Fibrobacteres,Ruminococcaceae,Oscillibacter,Succiniclasticum,Fibrobacter as compare with the control group improved but the difference is no significant(p>0.05).Prevotella degration of plant cell wall polysaccharides and starch,its relative abundance is higher than the control group(p>0.05).4.The high-throughput sequencing analysis of fecal flora show that the Bacteroides,Firmicutes were the dominant bacteria in the control group and the experimental group,and the Ruminococcaceae are the dominant bacteria in the fecal bacteria.The sporobacter are fecal bacteria In the dominant bacteria.The experimental group are added with expanded corn straw fermentation feed,break down cellulose in Firmicutes,Ruminococcaceae,Clostridium IV as compare with the control group improved but the difference is no significant(p>0.05).Test group butyrate-producing bacterium Clostrdium XIVa and relative abundance has increased,but the difference is no significant(p>0.05).5.The results show that the Shannon index,Ace index and Chao index of the experimental group are higher than those of the control group,and the Simpson index decrease,which indicate that the microbial diversity in the rumen and feces of the test group is improved.In summary:The diet of Liaoyu white cattle is 70%base concentrate +expanded corn straw fermentation feed,can be used to improve gastrointestinal flora richness,and increases the number of a series of functional bacteria,help improve the body’s ability to digest,Expanded corn straw biological fermentation feed no side effect on serum biochemical index can improve immunity,at the same time will not cause organ damage,indicating Expanded corn straw fermentation feed is the preferred feeding Liaoyu white cattle. |
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