Breeding Of Fine Varieties In Different Half-sibling Families Of Ancient Ginkgo Biloba

Ginkgo biloba is known as the "living fossil",because of its leaf extract in the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in the unique physiological role,and has been the attention of scholars at home and abroad.Ginkgo biloba is one of the most valuable traditional medicine in China.It has been used in China for thousands of years,and flavonoids and terpene trilactones,especially,ginkgo flavonglycosides,ginkgolides and bilobalides in leaves of ginkgo trees,need to be studied for effective application of these active components with high medical and health-care values.It is of great significance for the exploration of the excellent germplasm by using the scientific method to select the old trees with high content of flavonoids and terpene lactones.This study was aimed to provide scientific bases for genealogies selection and harvest season confirmation for Ginkgo biloba.The resources of Ginkgo biloba in China are very rich.According to the survey,a total of 23 provinces(regions)in China.A high-performance liquid chromatographic method(HPLC-ELSD)was developed to determine the contents of terpene trilactone,flavonoid of 36 ancient Ginkgo biloba genealogies from 19 provinces in China.The study indicated that:(1)According to the growth volume of the half sib families of Ginkgo biloba for three years,the families with the best growth potential were screened out,which were 123(Huixian,Gansu),133(Mentougou,Beijing),58(Youyang,Chongqing),72(Xing'an,Guangxi),97(Nantong,Jiangsu),38(Lingchuan,Guangxi),55(Tai'an,Shandong),71(Wudang,Guizhou)and 82(Rugao,Jiangsu).(2)The contents of flavonoids and terpene lactones from April to September were determined.The seasonal variation of flavonoids and terpene lactones was basically the same.The content gradually increased from April to August,reached the highest in July or August,then decreased in September.Among the five components of terpene trilactone,the most abundant was BB,followed by ginkgolide A and ginkgolide B,ginkgolide J content at least.Moreover Q was the highest level and I was the least in the flavonoid,respectively.(3)In August,the contents of flavonoids and terpene lactones in 36 families were determined.Results showed that the contents of terpene trilactones and flavonoids were significantly differed among the 36 genealogies according to variance analysis.The families with the high content of terpene lactone and flavonoid were 72(Xing'an,Guangxi),58(Youyang,Chongqing),82(Rugao,Jiangsu),123(Huixian,Gansu),99(Dujun,Guizhou),133(Mentougou,Beijing)and 10(Tai'an,Shandong).(4)The plant growth vigor and the content of flavonoids and terpene lactones were comprehensively analyzed.The families with the better growth potential and the higher content of terpene lactone and flavonoid were 72(Xing'an,Guangxi),58(Youyang,Chongqing),82(Rugao,Jiangsu),123(Huixian,Gansu)and 133(Mentougou,Beijing).