Comparison Of Organic And Conventional Rice Cultivation In Typical Regions Of Guangdong

In this study, adjacent conventional and organic rice cultivation bases from four representative rice cultivated regions(Meizhou, Luoding, Lianshan and Zhuhai) of Guangdong Province were selected to study the effects of organic rice cultivation on soil fertility and plant nutrient, rice grain and economic benefits, which may provide practice guidance for further improvement of organic cultivation technology and sustainable development of rice production. The main results are as follows:(1) Compared with conventional cultivation methods, organic cultivation can increase soil p H, available P, K and organic matter and soil enzyme activities, There was no significant effect on the content of trace elements and heavy metal elements in soil.(2) Organic cultivation could significantly increase the contents of total P, K and Si in rice leaves by 20.07%-40.11%, 15.05%-59.75%, and 9.64%-36.50%, respectively.(3) Under organic cultivation model, the brown rice rate and milled rice rate was higher than that of conventional rice, but chalkiness rate is lower. In terms of rice taste, quality, water content in grain is higher than that of conventional rice, straight chain starch content had no significant difference. In general, eating quality and nutritional quality of organic rice is higher than that of conventional rice. For heavy metals of grain, Pb and Cr are higher in the organic rice. Both higher Cd and Pb content in organic rice increased the health rick.(4) Compared to conventional cultivation, organic cultivation's has higher input cost and lower yield with a reduction of 20.21 %- 28.79 %. However, higher market price compensated the yield reduction and resulted higher economic profit for organic rice production.