The Influence Of Different Soil Managements In Carya Cathayensis

Hickory?Carya cathayensis?is an elite subtropical nut and oil tree which grows wildly only in China.With the increasement of economic value of the hickory,the level of management had been improved.Also there was a big change of soil fertility.In current,it showed a lot of management patterns.However,there was no scientific soil management formed up,which lead to some problem in hickory production management.This study focused on spatial-temporal evolution pattern and effect factors of wood land soil fertility,and different effects of weeding and fertilizing treatments on soils and hickory grow,and analysis the effects of different management on hickory industry.The main results as follows:?1?The contents of hydrolytic N and available K in hickory forest soil in Lin'an were 19.4 and 55.6mg·kg^-1 in 2008 and 2013 respectively and it decreased from 2008 to 2013 significantly.From 2008 to 2013,the pH value decreased from 5.5 to 5.3 and soil organic carbon content decreased by 0.2g·kg^-1.The content of available P was increased by 0.5mg·kg^-1.Standard deviations of the five quality indices of soil fertility turned smaller and the variation degree turned lower.Meanwhile,the spatial autocorrelation of p H,hydrolytic N and available P decreased,and auto-correlation distance reduced too.The continuity of spatial distribution on soil organic carbon and available K enhanced,and the same trend in auto-correlation distance.?2?The soil fertility of hickory was affected by elevations,parent rocks and managements.Elevations,parent rocks and managements in different villages and towns significantly affected soil pH value?0.000,0.000,0.000?,hydrolytic N?0.073,0.041,0.073?,and available K?0.001,0.006,0.000?.There was also a significant impact on organic carbon?0.096,0.091?among different elevations and managements in different villages and towns.And there was a significant impact on available P?0.001?among managements in different villages and towns too.The data showed that the content of soil organic carbon,hydrolytic N,available P and K decreased mostly at Daoshi,while soil pH value decreased mostly at Qingliangfeng and Daoshi town.?3?Different fertilizer rate affect the soil pH value.The soil pH value changed obviously by green cover on soil and fertilization.And compare with other patterns,green cover on soil is better for the soil organic matter.The content of soil organic matter can rapidly improve in a short time by fertilization,but it can`t keep for long.Different ways of fertilization will affect the content of soil available elements.?4?Soil managements like weeding and fertilization affect the foliar nutrient content in a short time,but it is not significant.N,P,K and Ca showed no difference during the plant growth cycle with different soil managements.With time goes,the changing trend of N of leaves was from high to low,so as P.On the contrary,the content of Ca increases gradually.This kind of phenomenon related to the growing of hickory.In July,Fe and Mn showed very significantly correlated with weeding.In April,different fertilizer rate affect the content of Zn significantly,and it affect the content of Fe significantly in July and October.Seed-producing percentage and crude protein also affect by different kinds of management.