| A 1-ha permanent plot at the eco-reclamation area in China Coal Pingshuo Coal Company Limited was established.Based on the date in 2010-2015 of(plot one)a mixed plantation of "locust(Robinia pseudoacacia)+elm(Ulmus pumila)+ailanthus(Ailanthus altissima)" and(plot two)plantation of "locust(Robinia pseudoacacia)+ Pinus tabuliformis".Applying the long-term monitoring of targeting methods and based on the all updates seedlings and saplings in two different habitat types and different update configuration mode plots,an analysis was made on all seedlings and saplings of species composition,the number of features and temporal pattern dynamics in 2010-2015.Using generalized linear mixed model analyzed the ecological response and recovery mechanisms population regeneration seedlings of mining environmental factors and biological factors,trying to explore similar land mine damaged vegetation restoration optimal mode,restore populations update,colonization,proliferation and other related laws.The main conclusions are as follows:1.On the species composition,the plot 1 in the number of seedlings and saplings seedlings are growing,but within the plot 2seedlings and saplings are substantially reduced.From the view ofthe number of new and death,two new seedling plots in the largest number of species are elm,in plot 1 new rate are 68.3%;the largest increase number of saplings is elm,the new rate are 83.3%.The largest number of death is the locust seedlings,the mortality rate are more than 50%.Net growth by seedlings grow into young trees was only 40 in 5 years;elm is the largest number of new seedlings of species in the plot 2,but also the largest death species.But mortality locust seedlings(72.85%)and saplings(51.12%)is still larger than the elm seedlings(49.84%)and saplings(20.59%)mortality.2.(1)At the community level,from seedlings and sapling species composition,the two plots has changed.Four species disappeared in plot 1,2 kinds of shrub appeared in plot 2.(2)At the species level,the survival rate of locust seedling was in the orders of plot 1> plot 2 and the survival rate of saplings was in the orders of plot 1> plot 2.The survival rate of elm seedling was in the orders of plot 1>plot 2 and the survival rate of saplings was in the orders of plot 1> plot 2.The ailanthus seedlings and saplings appear only in plot 1,the survival rates respectively were 53.62% and 39.7%.The pinus tabuliformis appear only in plot 2.There were no seedlings in5 years and saplings died.3.Restore populations response exhibits disorder to different ecological habitats(especially slope).There were significant differences in the total number of seedlings and saplings,the new seedlings and saplings,changes in the number of deaths and mortality spatial distribution in different habitat types.4.The results of seedlings and saplings spatial pattern indifferent canopy openness showed that:(1)From the view of the number of new seedlings,the number of new elm seedlings in plot 2showed a significant negative correlation with canopy openness.(2)From the view of mortality of seedlings and saplings,elm seedling showed a significant negative correlation with canopy openness.5.In the two plots,either on the level of community or species,the height and biological factors affect the survival of seedlings and saplings jointly,but different factors will vary with the performance of different species.Among the all abiotic factors,light,altitude and slope had no effect in the survival of seedlings and saplings.The slope showed a significant negative correlation with the survival of the saplings only in plot 2.Overall,there was a significant density dependent in the natural regeneration process of eco-reclamation area in Pingshuo Opencast Coal mine.There was no obvious niche differentiation,namely seedling height and the density dependent effect the survival of seedlings and saplings jointly. |
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