Effect Of Different Rain-shelter Cultivation Modes On Physiological Characteristics And Fruit Quality Of Summer Black Grape

Grape is the third largest cultivated fruit trees in Anhui province,grape is rich in nutrition,so it’s deeply welcomed by consumers.The characteristic of viticulture is fruiting early,incoming fast,and having a high economic benefits,so these years the scale of viticulture expands largely.Because of the rain is more serious,the open-field cultivation of grapes was infected diseases and insect pests.There is no guarantee of the fruit yield,quality and the requirements of the green fruit.Rain-shelter cultivation of grape can reduce the negative impact of rain on the grapes,reduce the incidence of pests and diseases,improved fruit quality,achieved high benefit.So far,there was a lot of related research of rain-shelter cultivation,but the research of physiological characteristic and fruit quality between different rain-shelter cultivation was rarely reported.Therefore,this study using summer black grape as experimental materials,study the physiological characteristic and fruit quality of Narrow Rain-shelter cultivation,Wide Rain-shelter cultivation and Multi-span Plastic Greenhouse,to select the best rain-shelter cultivation,provide theoretical and practical basis about the high quality,efficient and pollution-free production of viticulture in Southern of China.We can obtain the following conclusions from this experiment:1.The temperature inside the rain-shelter facilities is lower than the open-field,the daily average temperatures in Narrow Rain-shelter cultivation,Wide Rain-shelter cultivation and Multi-span Plastic Greenhouse were dropped of 2.16%,5.43%,12.9%,respectively.The humidity in the rain-shelter facilities was dropped within the rise of temperature.Besides,covering with materials significantly reduces the illumination intensity of the facility.2.From the analysis of phenological period,the time of bleeding period,bud stage,flowering phase,mature period of Narrow Rain-shelter and Wide Rain-shelter of grape are similar with open-field cultivation,but compared with the outdoor,the mature of Multi-span Plastic Greenhouse is about 10 days in advance.3.Three rain-shelter cultivation patterns have reduced the Pn,Tr,Gs,improve WUE,Ci,and the WUE of Wide Rain-shelter cultivation is highest.And all of them improved the chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll content of summer black grape.4.Compared with Open-field cultivation,rain-shelter have reduced weight,ear weight of the summer black grape and prolong the storage time of Summer black grape.The weight,ear weight of the summer black grape of Wide Rain-shelter cultivation are higher then other rain-shelter cultivations,and storage time is longest.5.Three rain-shelter cultivation patterns have increased the soluble solids content of black summer grape,the highest one is Wide Rain–shelter cultivation,reaching 20%,followed by Multi-span Plastic Greenhouse;rain-shelter cultivation reduced the acid content and VC of summer black grape,but increase the sugar to acid ratio.6.Rain-shelter cultivation reduced the root activity.Between the three rain-shelter cultivation.The Narrow Rain–shelter cultivation is 13.53% higher than Wide Rain–shelter cultivation,and 30.12% higher than the Multi-span Plastic Greenhouse,the root activity ofMulti-span Plastic Greenhouse is the worst.Open-field cultivation of summer black grape growth strong,summer black grape in Multi-span Plastic Greenhouse weak growth.7.Compared with open-field cultivation,three rain-shelter cultivation patterns have reduced the frequency of use of pesticides,in Open-field cultivation spraying 15 times a year,Narrow Rain–shelter cultivation spraying 8 times a year,Wide Rain–shelter cultivation spraying five times a year,Multi-span Plastic Greenhouse have the least number of spraying,about 3 times.8.Three rain-shelter cultivation improved the construction cost of Open-field cultivation,reduced the management cost,but improved the economic analysis,the income of Wide rain–shelter cultivation is about 30,000 yuan/ 667m~2,make the fruits of high quality,efficient,pollution-free production come true.