| Rapeseed is the important oil crop resources in China,its acreage and production rank first in the world.Cold pressed peeled rapeseed oil is naturally non-polluting,has the advantages of natural flavor,but also rich in high levels of natural nutrients and antioxidants,such as phospholipids,vitamin E,sterols and so on.Rapeseed contains21%to 24%protein,rapeseed protein is a high quality protein,its most significant characteristic is higher level content of sulfur-containing amino acids and lysine,the amino acid composition in line with FAO/WHO recommended model values.The rapeseed peptide is obtained by digestion with rapeseed protein as raw material,and its processing characteristics such as solubility,emulsifying property and water holding capacity are better than that of rapeseed protein.At the same time,some small molecules has abilities of antioxidant,blood pressure,anti-tumor and promote animal cell growth and other biological activity.This paper mainly introduces the improvement of the quality of rapeseed oil,how to improve the improvement of the utilization rate of rapeseed meal,the preparation of high-purity rapeseed isolate protein and high-solubility rapeseed peptides and the study on rapeseed protein in acid-sinking waste solution by extraction of alkali-soluble acid precipitation method by ultrafiltration membrane method.Orthogonal and response surface methodology are mainly used to optimize the preparation conditions,the physical and chemical properties of the obtained products were determined.This research compared the functional properties of different products,and provide theoretical basis for production and application.The main contents and conclusions are summarized as follows:(1)The phospholipase C and phospholipase A1 were used jointly to degum the canola rapeseed oil,and the degumming effect was significant.The phospholipid content in rapeseed oil was reduced to 2.5mg/kg,the removal rate of phospholipid is 99%,and the energy consumption is small,the nutrient substances in rapeseed oil such as vitamin E damage degree is small.(2)Take the degreasing canola meal as raw material,ultrasonic assisted technology was used when extracting canola protein by alkali-soluble acid precipitation method.By adding alkaline cellulase,alkaline pectinase and glucoamylase respectively to deal with canola meal,greatly improving the extraction rate and purity of canola protein(canola protein extraction rate reached 85.6%or more,the purity of which can reach 91.7%,canola protein water absorption was 1.9g/g,oil absorption is 2.1g/g,emulsification is46.7%)(3)Take the canola protein as raw material,with the addition of distilled water to heat the canola protein and adding food additives sodium tripolyphosphate foracidification,after the canola protein solution experienced heating and acidification treatment which can promote the hydrolysis of protein.The pretreated canola protein was degraded into canola peptide by using multi-enzymatic hydrolysis method.Then the better functional canola peptide can be obtained.The bitterness of enzyme solution significantly weakened and the degree of hydrolysis of canola protein effectively increased,besides the degree of hydrolysis of the protein reached 38%.The water absorption increased from 1.9 g/g to 4.1 g/g,the oil absorption increased from 2.1 g/g to2.6 g/g,and the emulsifying property increased from 46.7%to 68.5%.(4)Take the acid-sinking waste solution as the raw material,the rapeseed protein Was enriched by ultrafiltration membrane filtration.The effects of two kinds of ultrafiltration membrane cellulose acetate membrane(CA membrane)and polyethersulfone membrane(PES membrane)were compared,and the single extraction experiment was carried out to explore the optimal extraction conditions.The results showed that the protein filtration rate can be largest with 73.6%when the operating pressure is 0.1MPa,concentration of the liquid vegetable rapeseed protein was 0.0322mg/mL and the membrane flux was 0.046 kg/(cm~2·min). |
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