Research On The Authentication Of Berry Fruit Juice Using Metabonomics Technology

Berry fruits,which is represented by blueberry and cranberry,have the reputation of golden fruit.The output of blueberry and cranberry juices has continued to increase and become more and more popular due to their reported nutritional and health benefits.However,food fraud,including adulteration of high value foods with cheaper substitutes,has become an increasingly important and different issue,In this study,LC-MS and electronic nose technology were applied and subjected to multivariate statistical analysis was undertaken to study the method for the rapid detection of the adulteration of high-priced berry fruit juices with common cheaper alternatives,which provides a rapid,effective and comprehensive method for inspecting.The results are described as follows.1.An analytical platform for the global characterization of berry fruit juices metabolites from different producing areas was established.Following information dependent acquisition(IDA)directed LC-QTOF-MS/MS,isotope pattern matched peak mining was performed using Extracted Ion Chromatogram(XIC)manager within the PeakView software.43 metabolites representing diverse compound classes were identified in berry fruit juices,most of which were flavonoid,anthocyanins,etc.Selected metabolites were verified using pure standards.Peak areas from 43 metabolites were shown in the form of heat map showed good separation of berry juices from general juices.2.Authentication of berry jucies were carried out by UFLC-QTOF-MS.Metabolite fingerprinting was obtained and subjected to multivariate statistical analysis.Discrimination of blueberry juice,cranberry juice,apple juice,grape juice were carried out by principal component analysis-discriminant analysis(PCA-DA).Furthermore,32 characteristic markers efficiently distinguishing blueberry juice,cranberry juice,apple juice,grape juice were selected by creation of profile plots displaying the abundances of markers.Determination of molecular formulae and tentative identification of marker compounds were conducted using elemental formula calculation and online database searches based on accurate MS mass and MS/MS fragmentation information.What's more,adulterate fruit juice and retail blended fruit juice samples were also analyzed in order to validate the feasibility of the biomarker applying to market products.These results suggested that UFLC-QTOF-based metabolomics has great potential for the rapid detection of blueberry juice and cranberry juice adulteration.3.The feasibility of authentication of blueberry juice and cranberry juice based on FOX 4000 electronic nose and pattern recognition was studied.The volatile compounds of blueberry juice,cranberry juice,apple juice,grape juice were determined.After dimensionality reduction by principal component analysis(PCA),the principal components were used as input variables to build the discriminant factor analysis(DFA)authentication models using different validated pattern recognition methods.Results showed that DFA mode of blueberry juice and cranberry are able to identify the authenticity of berry fruit jucie rapidly and predict the approximate quantitative of juices.