| Akebia trifoliate is called August melon due to spilt by abdomen line when it ripe in August. It is a kind of precious fruit in season, able to be used both as food and medicine, and has a reputation as the king of fruit, It has been used medicinally in China to remove waste in body, improve the digestive system, promote blood circulation, maintain beauty and young when eated for a long time.In this study, Akebia trifoliate is used as the raw material to produce high economic value products, so as to take full advantage of its resources, both increase local farmers'income and extend industrial chain of Akebia trifoliate. As well, it is favorate to reduce environmental pollution and achieve sustainable development. The purpose in the paper is to develop Akebia trifoliate deep processing method. The results were as following:Firstly, Akebia trifoliate was used to brew fruit wine. As its meat was so thick that the fermentation start slowly, Akebia trifoliate was mixed to the grape to solve the problem, the used best complex mass ratio is 1:3. The fermentation conditions were optimized by a orthogonal test based on the single factor experiments. The test was evaluated by sensory scores and alcohol of the complex wine. The results showed that the optimal fermentation conditions were the initial soluble solids concentration (SSC) of 23° Brix, the initial pH of 3.5, the fermentation temperature of 20? and the inoculation size of 0.3 g/L. Under these conditions, the alcohol content of complex wine can reach 11.8±0.2% (v/v). The ultimate obtained wine has a great quality (softer mouth-feel and better flavor). In the experiments of wine clarification, through comparing the transmittance of 5 single clarifying agents, chitosan and bentonite were selected to formate complex clarifying agent. An optimal complex clarifying agent was obtained by mixing 1% chitosan to 5% bentonite, at a optimal dosage ratio of them of 0.16:1.0 (g/L/g/L). Under these conditions, the obtained wine was clear and transparent, the transmittance at 680nm rate of more than 90%, the physichemical and microorganism indicators of wine meet the requirements of high quality wine.Secondly, the ultrasonic-aided extraction was utilized to isolate the oil from Akebia trifoliate seed. The factors affecting on the yield of Akebia trifoliate seed oil, including the ratio of Akebia trifoliate seed to solvent, ultrasonic time and ultrasonic temperature were investigated. The extraction process was optimized by an orthogonal test based on the single factor experiments. The resultant optimal conditions were the ratio of Akebia trifoliate seed to solvent of 1:13(W/V), the ultrasonic temperature of 50?, the ultrasonic time of 40 min. Under theses conditions, the yield of Akebia trifoliate seed oil could reach 35.70%. The acid value and peroxide value of the Akebia trifoliate seed oil were determined to be met the standards of the State Standard of Edible Oils. So, it was very suitable for the development of a nutritional oil.Finally, the solvent extraction was used to isolate polyphenols from Akebia trifoliate peel. A single factor experiments, orthogonal test were used to optimize the extraction conditions, The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions were the concentration of ethanol of 60%, the extraction time of 3 h, the temperature of 50?, the ratio of Akebia trifoliate peel to solvent of 1:13(W/V). Under theses conditions, the content of Akebia trifoliate peel polyphenols could be 35.50 mg/g. In the purification process, AB-8 was used as the better resin to do static adsorption of polyphenols, and the chromatography column of 16 X 700 mm was applied to conduct a dynamic test for polyphenols separation. The results showed that the resin-adsorption saturation or adsorption equilibrium of phenols could be obtained. when the flow rate of adsorption liquid was 1mL/min, adsorpting for 360 min. And the desorption equilibrium was reached as the ethanol solution of 60% was used to eluate phenols at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min, for 300 min, and the total polyphenols could be completely eluated. Under these conditions, the Abekia trifoliate peel polyphenols has been great enriched, the purity of the polyphenols could reach 45.73%. The obtained polyphenols were detected by means of UV and IR, results showed that the extracted materials from Akebia trifoliate peel were polyphenol acids and flavonoids.The antioxidant activity of Akebia trifoliate peel polyphenols were conducted by antioxidant experiments. The results showed that the peel polyphenols has the strong ability to eliminate free radicals. The total ability of reduction reached 1.432 at polyphenols concentration of lmg/mL. The abilities of reduction and removing free radicals of OH, DPPH·, O2-· gradually increased as the polyphenols concentration increased in the range of experiment concentrations, and the removal rates of free radicals such as OH·, DPPH·, and O2-· reach 78.52%(1mg/mL),87.38%(0.08mg/mL),60.21%(5mg/mL), respectively. However, the overall antioxidant activity is lower than that of the vitamin C. |
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