Research On Dynamic Critical Peak Pricing Optimization Decision Model Considering Customers’ Response

With steady growth of electricity demand, summer peak load increases continuously in developed area. Under this circumstance, it is uneconomic and unsafe to balance power demand and supply with generation side resources. While utilizing demand response measures can better guide customers because demand side resources such as electric vehicles, large-scale air conditioners and ice storage equipment will interact with the grid, relieving the pressure on resources and environment. Electricity price mechanism as an important part of demand response, can make use of price leverage to shift peak load. At present Time-of-use electricity price is widely used, but it is a relatively static electricity price mechanism and the Critical Peak Pricing(CPP) in pilot also has poor dynamic characteristic. Therefore, to design reasonable dynamic peak electricity price which can guide users to reduce or shift peak load is of great theoretical and practical significance.In this paper, on the basis of experience at home and abroad, a dynamic CPP approach considering demand response is put forward. The consumer psychology theory is used to describe the customers’response and the CPP implementation process is designed in which peak day and peak hour determination method is given and CPP tariff optimization model considering interests of both power companies and consumers is built. Numerical results have proved the feasibility and effectiveness of proposed approach which can reduce peak load greatly as well as saving consumers’ electricity bills.Secondly, influence of proposed CPP on side resources especially electric vehicles is discussed. In this section, according to relevant data and using Monte Carlo method, changes are analyzed in three scenes like random, orderly charging and V2G mode. It can be seen that the proposed price mechanism can improve charging load of electric vehicles and bidirectional interaction can further improve reliability of grid.Finally, in order to better promote CPP, related evaluation system is established. In the evaluation system, a suitable framework is put forward and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process is used. This evaluation mechanism can give appropriate feedback and a set of effective suggestions to power companies, consumers and the government which has extraordinary significance on further improving domestic CPP mechanism.