A Study On Efficiency Evaluation Of Urbanization In Our Country And The Influence Factors Of The Efficiency

With the continuous development of China’s national economy and the continuous enhance of comprehensive national strength,the process of urbanize is faster and faster,the urbanization rate is continually increasing,the urban space is continually expanding.In 2011, China’s urbanization rate has reached 51.27%,And the advancement of urbanization should always pursue economic efficiency, only the city with high efficient rate can achieve good benefit, achieved obtain the ideal output with minimal input and realize continuous improvement of the urban development level.In this paper, we take the national 31 provinces and regions as the research sample.Based on DEA model, using employment of the population,annul investment in fixed assets and urban built-up area as input indexes,and non-agricultural output population urbanization rates and per capital social retailgoods as output indexes, we evaluate the efficiency of urbanization of 31 provinces from 2005 to 2012; systematic review and analysis concepts about efficiency of the urbanization, made a series of economic assumptions,constructed a heoretical model of the factors that influence the efficiency of urbanization, and systematically analyze the factors that influence the efficiency of urbanization based on panel data model and spatial econometric model.The DEA results show: 1. only a few provinces’ overall efficiency of urbanization maintain DEA effective in some years,the scale efficiency is still very high every year, it is the technical efficiency that restricts the overall efficiency; 2.The efficiency of Eastern region of China is the highest of the four regions, the efficiencies of Central,Western and Northeast region are very close and the gaps are gradually reduced, scale efficiency of the eastern region is the lowest, and declined year by year,the gaps between the eastern region and other regions become wider.The results of the system analysis on factors affecting urbanization efficiency show: 1. The space factor does affect the urbanization efficiency of China,the efficiency of urbanization has not only spatial spillover effects,but also strong spatial dependence; when the urbanization efficiencies of native adjacent areas is improved,the urbanization efficiency of adjacent area would also be improved,that is theefficiency of local urbanization can be improve if surrounded by regions with high urbanization efficiency; geographic and spatial factors are playing important roles in urbanization efficiency by imitating conduction mechanism; 2.Each factor,that affect on the urbanization efficiency shows a significant effect,witch indicates they can not take place of each other,and affect urbanization efficiency together;Human capital,industrial structure and the level of economic openness can promote urbanization efficiency, and the enhancement of the function of government lead to a decline of efficiency.