The Study Of The Rural Credit Cooperatives In Shandong Province In The Early Days Of The People’s Republic Of China (1949-1957)

China is a traditional agricultural country. "Agriculture, Countryside, Farmer" were named "Tree Agricultural Problems", and they had caused heated discussions since the establishment of People’s Republic of China. As an important part of rural economy, the study on the rural credit cooperatives had important theoretical and practical significance. The early days of the People’s Republic of China was special, in this time, since political, economic and cultural were rebuilt, the rural credit cooperatives had very specially studied significances. In The early days of the People’s Republic of China, the rural credit cooperative enterprise in national and Shandong Province had went through preparation, establishment, promotion, pilot, accelerated development and consolidation. In this process, a sound regulatory framework was built gradually. The development of the rural credit cooperatives in this time was also the process from its start-up to its foundation was consolidated gradually. After clearing the development of the rural credit cooperatives, there were three issues deserving our attention particularly:First, as a way to transit to Socialism, the rural credit cooperatives advanced the accomplishment of Agricultural Cooperative. But after the accomplishment of Agricultural Cooperative, the argument that if cancel the rural credit cooperatives or not was caused. Second, as a model of Planned Economy, the rural credit cooperatives made organizational and economic preparation for Planned Economy System being built in the whole country. But it also brought a series of adverse affections to the rural economy. Third, as a tool of Class Struggle, the rural credit cooperatives fully reflected its proletarian property on the rules of cooperatives, and it had played a positive role on adjusting private loans. In Shandong Province, it fought against the rich peasants and the landlords, helped the poor peasants, and fought against usury. It played an important role in advancing the rural economy. Overall, from 1949 to 1957, the rural credit cooperative work in Shandong Province established a new health rural financial system basically. It got more achievements than the disadvantages, and deserved the historical affirmative.