| With the rapid development of Chinese economy, the increase of urban expansion and construction land have to take up scarce arable land which is around the town. It make the contradiction between supply and demand of the arable land resources of our country, the total of food production reduction and endangering food security in china because most of these arable land has the high-quality and more productive. Scientific evaluation the quality of arable land has important significance because it is a necessary prerequisite for the implementation of the number management and quality management of arable land and control the space and time change of cultivation is also one of the key consideration for government scientific decision-making.This paper take Yun County in Shiyan City, Hubei province as the research object, set off the theory studying of soil fertility, land suitability evaluation, agricultural location, etc, discuss the models and methods of arable land quality evaluation and annually updated, analysis the space and time change feature of the quality of arable land so that to provide reference for government planning decisions. The developments and results of this paper summarized as follow:1. Explore effect of the soil fertility, natural landscape, basic settings and other conditions on the Yun County arable land quality and building a scientific model for evaluation quality of arable land to evaluate the status of Yun Country arable land quality in 2003 and 2010. The results of the evaluation of Yun County farmland quality has been into five grades in this paper, the results show that the quality of Yun County farmland is not high as a whole. The area of third grade land and fourth grade land more than half of the whole area and located in most of the county, the first grade land and the second grade land only concentrated in the central and northeastern of county.2. Analyze the reasons causing changes to the quality of arable land in annual, explore an annual update method for farmland quality evaluation, update the change quality of Yun County farmland from 2010 to 2013 which is based on the results of Yun County farmland quality evaluation in 2010, and then get the results of Yun County farmland quality evaluation in 2013. The results show that: There are 427.28 hectares of arable land increased in Yun County from 2010 to 2013 because of farmland supplement and development, most of these added arable land are low-quailty fifty grade farmland. There are 414.91 hectars of arable land decreased because of construction land instead farmland and most of these reduced arable land are third grade farmland. There are 1267.65 hectares of arable land whose quality have been improved because of land remediation, agricultural restructuring and other reasons, most of these changed from fourth grade farmland to third grade farmland. There are 701.80 hectares of arable land whose quality have been degraded because of soil pollution, farming unreasonable and other reasons, most of these arable land are fifty grade farmland.3. This paper analysis the place and time change of Yun County farmland quality evaluation results. The results show that: The total amount of arable land in Yun County grew by 15% from 2003 to 2013, and quality of arable land also improved as a whole. Some low-quality such as third grade farmland, fourth grade farmland and fifth grade farmland are provided to higher-quality such as first grade farmland and second grade farmland. The sum area of first grade farmland and second grade farmland are increased about triple. There are global and local spatial autocorrelation in quality of arable land in Yun County which performance that there are higher spatial aggregation in the location of high quality arable land and low quality arable land. |
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