Research On The Passive Location With Bearing-only Measurement Of Signle Station

Passive source localization problem using antenna array is a fundamental issue encountered in various fields such as communication, radar, sonar, seismology, and radio astronomy. Single-observer passive location of with bearing-only technology is an observer equipped with an antenna array to obtain the directions of fixed source at different position in space to determine the location of the source after a series of processes. Due to its simple-devices, far-distance and high-safety, more and more researchers focus on it.In this thesis we study three aspects of the single-station passive location with bearing-only system, including data association, location and optimal maneuver. This paper research mainly includes the following aspects:1. Present the data model for 3D passive location with bearing-only measurement of single-station and derive the CRLB for the localization problem base on the data model. A geometric analysis is proposed to analyze the observability of passive location.2. This thesis introduces three associated algorithm including the Nearest Neighbor Algorithm(NN),Algorithm Base On The Residual Error Accumulation and Nearest Neighbor Probabilistic Data Association(NPDA)to solve the data association problem existing in single-station Multi-target passive location. Then the Multi-target location problem can be regarded as some single-target location problems. Simulation results show the performance of three association algorithms.3. This thesis studies on the localization algorithms of single-station passive location and analyzes four batch algorithms including Maximum Likelihood(ML), Least Squares(LS), Weighted Least Squares(WLS) and Constrained Least Squares(CLS). Simulation results show the positioning performance of every location algorithm which under different condition of viewing number, the variance of noise and flight speed. Develop the iterative algorithm of LS, WLS, CLS to reduce computation and increase efficiency. In the end, we introduce a grid search least square method. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the algorithm.4. According to the characteristics of passive location with single station, we use GDOP as the optimal discriminant index to solve the problem of optimal maneuver problem. We derivated the single-step real-time optimal path planning algorithm of least squares positioning and simulation results show the effectiveness of the algorithm.