The Ecological Adaptation Of Ma Shan Miao In Karst Mountain Area

As the earlier ethnological field investigation focusing on the ethnic characteristic production and living tools in the survey area, and the objective of the study is only in the cultural adaptation of evolutionary origin and development stages, the research about tools adapting to the environment is relatively limited, especially lack of the deep observation and comparison of the tools and how environmental factors influence tools.The lack of physical information appears to be a bit inadequate when the research is on how culture adapting to the ecological environment. Therefore, it is obviously that to study the production and living tools in the field is required, especially by comparison of the tools to get the results of the ecological adaptation of the culture. With the aid of standard type theory and method of Archaeology, the knowledge about cultural information in the tools can be understood; and through a comparative study of the tools, the results of its cultural adaptation will be gained.Julian H. Stewart in his Theory of Culture Change put forward three efficient causes: a kind of special historical process, adapting to the ecological environment and the cultural communication. As the field investigation, it is not only to gain more comprehensive interview materials, but the accuracy of the data source is also required. Tool is a fixed data form which will not be interfered by human beings. As the research object, there are three advantages: first of all, tool can not be false; secondly, tool is the tangible evidence that can be compared repeatedly; thirdly, the tool exists objectively.The emergence of a tool will not be sudden but closely linked to the environment of the nationality. With the standard type theory of Archaeology study on the real data obtained form field investigation and comparing the tool’s combinatorial properties, efficiency, loss to the local folk customs, ecological environment field investigation and the national ethnic relations reviewed, it will not only reveal the culture of ecological adaptation better, but also develop a new data space for the theoretical study of Ecological Anthropology.