Zhu Ziqing And The Establishment Of The Subject Of The History Of Literary Criticism Of China

In the 1920s to 1930s, history of Chinese literary criticism came in its golden era. Guo Shaoyu, Luo Genze and others research lie the foundation for the establishment of this subject. Later, Zhu Ziqing also started to study the history of literary criticism. Researches studied by Mr.Guo, Mr.Luo and some other scholars are the foundation stone for history of literary criticism, and Zhu Ziqing’s cross-sectional study enriched the academic research form. He made many contributions for the development of Chinese literary criticism history.Systematically speaking, Zhu Ziqing’s books about the reseach production in literary criticism history included" Analysis of Poems stating poets’ambitions’" and "Zhu Ziqing’s lecture notes of the history about Chinese literary criticism". In these two books, Zhu Ziqing built his own subject system based on some significant critical terms in literary criticism history and using the evolvements of these term as clues. In the book "Analysis of’the poetry expresses one’s will’", He began to study from the source of the terms and teased out the development process and its evolving track form a few traditionnal terms like "The poetry expresses one’s will", "Metaphor", "Political function of the poem" and "Change". In "Zhu Ziqing’s lecture notes of the history of Chinese literary criticism", Zhu Ziqing divided the critical terms in literary study into four categories. In the first kind is about the explanation to the functions of literary works criticism of the term like "Poems stating poets’ambitions", "writings are for conveying truth" and "poetry originating form emotion". The second is about the terms of literature creation like"origin", "ancient and modern" and "artistic style".The third is about the classification of terms like "literature", "style of writing" and "poetic prose". The fourth kind is related to the terms about literature appreciation like "essence-function", "literary and qualitative" and "expression". Furthermore, by reading some of his articles like "The category of the Chinese literary criticism", "The standard and scale of literature", "Talk about the language", "Appreciate the ancient runes" and his book reviews on Guo Shaoyu, Luo Genze and others research, people can find literary criticisms.Zhu Ziqing embodied objective research attitude and rational research spirit in his Chinese literary criticism history research. He dialectically dealt with the relationships among the origin, inheritance and innovation, and emphasized the actual effects of literary criticism. He also positively explored the transitional path to the modern times of literary criticism.Zhu Ziqing mainly did the following work:firstly, he stated the naming of this subject and introduced the value in this researching field. Zhu Ziqing thought that although the traditional poetry and article criticism was different from the "western literature" criticism in the essence, but it could also be called "literary criticism". The main purpose of giving a new name is to facilitate people to accept and integrate with the modern academic research. He believed that one of the most important efforts in researching Chinese literary criticism history is to communicate between the ancient and the modern world, to have a better understanding of the ancients, to infer to ancient cultural environment, and to solve the problems of cultural heritage. Secondly, Zhu Ziqing’ opinions on the history of literary criticism of the nature of the subject, the study of the problems and since the may 4th movement of 1919 changes in people’s literature idea of reflection. In addition, he also analyzed the difficulties Chinese literary criticism history faced, and he offered a researching strategy.