The Clinical Study On Epilepsy Induced By Tuberous Sclerosis Complex In 54 Subjects

Objective: Analyze the clinical feature of epilepsy induced by tuberous sclerosis complex to improve diagnosis and treatment level of this disease, and improve the prognosis.Methods: The clinical data of 54 patients with epilepsy induced by tuberous sclerosis complex were analyzed together with the physical data,clinical presentations, EEG, imaging findings, treatment, prognosis and follow-up. Summarizing the clinical feature of epilepsy induced by tuberous sclerosis complex.Results: Among the 54 patients with epilepsy induced by tuberous sclerosis complex, starting age were from 1 day to 24 years old,a median age of 1 year 9 month.The male-to-female ratio was 1.2:1;8 case(14.8%) had family history. 45 cases(83.3%)had skin lesions. 35 case(64.8%)showed hypophrenia.Main attack types were as follows: generalized tonic-clonic seizures(48.1%), complex partial seizures(33.3%), partial seizures with secondary generalization(29.6%), spasms(25.9%), etc. 54 patients underwent video-EEG examination, 53 cases were abnormal(98.15%), epileptiform discharges were seen in interictal.46 cases had MRI examination and 19 cases had CT examination that all found abnormality. 21 cases(38.9%) took monotherapy, 18 cases(33.3%) took two-drug combined therapy, 10 patients(18.5%) took three-drug combined therapy, 5 cases(9.3%) took four-drug combined therapy. Follow-up results showed that control seizures in 17 patients(31.5%), effective in 20 cases(37.0%), ineffective in 17 cases(31.5%).Patients with different epilepsy onset age, whether or not combined spasm,differences in intelligence status was statistically significant(P <0.05); Patients with different gender, skin lesions, types of seizures,differences in intelligence status was no statistical significance(P> 0.05); Patients with different gender, epilepsy onset age, differences in patients with spasm was statistically significant(P <0.05); Patients with different family history, skin lesions, types of seizures, differences in patients with spasm was not statistically significant(P> 0.05). Patients with different intelligence status,difference of medication quantity was statistically significant(P <0.05); Patients with different gender, onset age, family history, skin lesions, whether or not combined spasm, types of seizures, difference of medication quantity was not statistically significant(P> 0.05).Conclusions: Epilepsy is the most common neurological manifestations in tuberous sclerosis complex, mostly onset in early childhood. Seizure types are different from one to another. Patients can be combined with skin damage and mental retardation. Positive rate of EEG and head imaging examination are high, seizure control rate is low. Patients need long-term follow-up and timely adjustment of treatment. Intelligence status is related to epilepsy onset age, spasm. Patients with spasm are related to different gender, epilepsy onset age. Medication quantity is related to intelligence status.