| Objective Inadequate intake of nutrients frequently occurs in pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB) patients. As the same time, glycemic control of diabetes(DM) was closely related to diet. Most survey on the nutritional status and quality of life were carried out in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis or diabetes only, while the study of pulmonary tuberculosis with diabetes(PTB-DM) was rarely reported. The objective was to study the level of nutrient intake and evaluate the dietary quality of the PTB-DM and describe health-related quality of life(HRQL) of tuberculosis patients with and without diabetes mellitus.Methods 334 inpatients with pulmonary tuberculosis with diabetes mellitus in a Chest Hospital from March 2014 to March 2015 were recruited as objects in the study. Nutrients intake was collected by the method of 3 day24 hour food i recall ntake. The dietary balance index(DBI-07) was used to evaluate the overall dietary quality of the paticipants PTB-DM patients. 50 PTB-DM patients were selected as the case group and 50 PTB patients of this hospital from the same period were selected as the control group. Chinese version 2 of the Short Form-36(SF-36 v2) questionnaire was used to evaluate HRQL of the patients.Results The dietary survey showed that the intakes of energy, protein, dietary fiber,retinol, thiamine, riboflavin, calcium and zinc were insufficient in PTB-DM patients;and the intakes level of protein, dietary fiber, thiamine, riboflavin, ascorbic acid, vitamin E,potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, phosphorus, selenium were higher than that of PTB patients(P <0.05). DBI-07 index was used to evaluate the dietary quality of PTB-DM patients. DBI-07 positive end points(DBI-HBS), negative end points(DBI-LBS) and dietary quality distance(DBI-DQD) score results showed that 37.4% of PTB-DM patients had problems of excessive intake(DBI-HBS >7); 66.2% of PTB-DM patients had problems of inadequate intake(DBI-LBS >13); 90.7% of PTB-DM patients had problems of dietary imbalance. There were problems of excessive intake of oil, salt and inadequate intakes of milk and beans in PTB-DM patients. There were three kinds of dietary patterns(A:DBI-LBS ≤20, DBI-HBS ≤10; B: 20 <DBI-LBS ≤40, DBI-HBS ≤10; D: DBI-LBS≤20, 10 <DBI-HBS ≤20) in this survey. Dietary patterns of A accounted for the largest proportion(66.8%).This survey found that the scores of all the eight SF-36 dimensions(Physical Functioning,PF; Role-Physical, RP; Bodily Pain, BP; General Health, GH; Vitality, VT;Social Functioning, SF; Role-Emotional, RE; Mental Health, MH), including physical and mental summary scores(PCS, MCS) in PTB-DM patients were significantly lower than the Chinese general population(p < 0.05). The scores of PF, BP, GH and SF in PTB-DM patients were lower than PTB patients without DM(p < 0.05). Multivariable analysis showed that old age was associated with decreased physical health score, and the factors affecting their mental health were average monthly income and smoking.Conclusions: PTB-DM patients had the problem of insufficient intake of energy,protein, dietary fiber, vitamin A, thiamine, riboflavin, calcium and zinc. The dietary structure of PTB-DM patients was relatively reasonable, but the problems such as inadequate food intake and excessive food intake still exist. The problem of inadequate intakes of milk and soy was particularly prominent; at the same time, the problem of excessive intake of oil, salt was widespread. The quality of life of patients with PTB-DM was low. The health damage of physiological function, body pain, general health, social function of the PTB-DM patients was more serious than PTB patients. Old age was the influence factor of low physical health score(PCS), low family per capita monthly income and smoking were the influence factors of the low mental health total score(MCS). |
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