Studies On The Chemical Constituents And Antibacterial Effects Of Elephantopus Scaber L

Elephantopus scaber Linn belonging to the compositae family. It possesses the effects of clearing away heat and detoxification, detumescence and dieresis, and is used for treating cold, gastroenteritis, amygdalitis, sphagitis, conjunctivitis, nephritis edema and furuncle. Pharmacological studies have shown that E. scaber has antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activity, but the researchers reported currently for Elephantopus scaber Linn antibacterial effect of the active ingredient is not clear. Therefore, this paper uses pharmacodynamic tracking method to explore the main sites and antibacterial activity of the active compound.The main research contents are as follows:1. Elephantopus scaber whole plant was extracted with 95% ethanol solution, and then extracted with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol to give the corresponding parts.2. Selected pyogenic skin infections caused major pathogen Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and secondary ringworm major pathogen Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum canis used as test bacteria, we screening extracted fraction of Elephantopus scaber antibacterial and antifungal activity in vitro both qualitatively and quantitatively by disk diffusion method and broth microdilution method.3. By repeated silicagel column chromatography, thin-layer chromatography(TLC), Sephadex LH-20 gel chromatography, semi-preparative HPLC and ultra performance liquid chromatography(UPLC), etc, chemical composition of the active fraction from Elephantopus scaber Linn were isolated and purified, at the same time the use of 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR spectroscopy and other analytical tools, combined with references to identified compounds structure.4. Using the broth microdilution method, we examined compounds isolated from Elephantopus scaber Linn active fraction to inhibit fungal and bacterial activity in vitro and determined the minimum inhibitory concentration.The results of research contents are as follows:1. By disk diffusion method in vitro antibacterial and antifungal test showed that:Ethyl acetate fraction showed a significant inhibitory effect,the inhibition zone for Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 19.33 mm, 7.58 mm, 8.96 mm. Petroleum ether fraction inhibit Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis inhibition zones were 10.71 mm and 8.56 mm, N-butanol fraction inhibit Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis inhibition zones were 10.21 mm and 7.30 mm. Both Petroleum ether fraction and N-butanol fraction for Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa inhibition is not obvious.Ethyl acetate fraction inhibited Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Microsporum canis the inhibition zones were 16.47 mm, 13.43 mm and 14.16 mm. Petroleum ether fraction inhibited Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Microsporum canis the inhibition zones were 12.67 mm, 8.81 mm and 9.10 mm. But n-butanol and water fractions had not inhibition on the test fungus.Petroleum ether fraction against Staphylococcus aureus MIC is 0.50mg/m L; ethyl acetate fraction against Staphylococcus aureus MIC is 0.50mg/m L, the Pseudomonas aeruginosa MIC>0.5mg/m L. Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli were not significantly inhibited, n-butanol and water fractions inhibit bacterial effect were not obvious.Petroleum ether fraction against Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Microsporum canis MIC were 0.125mg/m L; ethyl acetate fraction against T. rubrum MIC was 0.063mg/m L, for Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Microsporum canis bacteria MIC was 0.125mg/m L, Parts of n-butanol and water inhibit fungal effect were not obvious.2. Ethyl acetate active fraction from Elephantopus scaber Linn were identified 12 compounds, including four sesquiterpene lactones, three triterpenoids, one flavonoid, two organic acid, two sterols. They were scabertopin(1) 、 isoscabertopin(2) 、deoxyelephantopin(3)、isodeoxyelephantopin(4)、fiedelin(5)、epifriedelanol(6)、lupeol(7)、tricin(8)、isovanillic acid(9)、E-3-(3-ethoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl) acrylic acid(10)、Stigmasterol(11)、β- Stigmasterol(12).3. By broth microdilution method in vitro antibacterial and antifungal test showed that: scabertopin and isoscabertopin against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis MIC were 80μg/m L and 160μg/m L, but Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is invalid; deoxyelephantopin and isodeoxyelephantopin against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis MIC were 160μg/m L.Scabertopin and isoscabertopin against Trichophyton mentagrophytes MIC was 80μg/m L, but Trichophyton rubrum and Microsporum canis invalid, deoxyelephantopin against Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Microsporum canis MIC were 80μg/m L, isodeoxyelephantopin against Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Microsporum canis MIC were 80μg/m L.Conclusion: By studying the chemical composition of Elephantopus scaber Linn inhibits pathogens that cause pyogenic skin infections and superficial mycosis infections in pharmacodynamic track basis, we found sesquiterpene lactones from Elephantopus scaber Linn were antibacterial active ingredient by disk diffusion method and broth microdilution method.