The Relationship Of Sleep Quality, Perceived Stress, Resilience, And Social Support Among Community-Dwelling Adults

Objective:The study aim to investigate the prevalence of sleep quality, analyze the relationship of sleep quality, perceived stress, resilience and social support, and explore the impossible mediation and moderation role of resilience and social support between perceived stress and sleep quality among community-dwelling adults, to enrich the study of positive psychological resources for targeted improving their sleep quality.Methods:A total of 1471 adults, between 18 and 60 years old, from eight selected community settings in Jinan, China were surveyed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS),10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (10-item CD-RISC), Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), and provided sociodemographic information. All data were audited and used SPSS17.0 software for statistical analysis, including descriptive statistics, variance analysis, t-test, correlation analysis, hierarchical linear regression analyses and other methods.Results:1. Scores of PSQI and differences in PSQI scores of community-based adultsThe PSQI scores were 4.73±3.09. The PSQI global score of 6 or higher is defined to have sleep disturbance,33.92% of community-based adults reported poor sleep quality. Sleep quality score differences in age, gender, marriage, and sick or not reached a statistically significant level, in education and family income not reached.2. Correlations of perceived stress, social support, and sleep qualityThe scores of perceived stress were 17.06 ±5.47, resilience were 26.76 ±7.05, social support were 62.44±12.39; Perceived stress was significantly positive associated with sleep quality scores; Resilience and social support were significantly negative associated with sleep quality scores; Perceived stress was significantly negative associated with resilience and social support; Resilience was significantly positive associated with social support.3. Multivariate hierarchical regression analysis of sleep quality① After controlling for the influence of sociodemographic variables, perceived stress, resilience and social support as independent variable, sleep quality as dependent variable were entered into the regression model. The result indicated that perceived stress, resilience and social support were the significant predictors of sleep quality.② The mediator role of resilienceAfter controlling for the influence of sociodemographic variables, in step 1, perceived stress was entered into the regression model as independent variable, sleep quality as dependent variable, and the result found that perceived stress was the significant predictor of sleep quality; In step 2, perceived stress as independent variable, resilience as dependent variable, and the result showed that perceived stress was the significant predictor of resilience; In step 3, resilience was added to the model, and found that resilience reduced the main effect of perceived stress on sleep quality(from β= 0.326 to β= 0.220), showing resilience partially mediated the effect of perceived stress on residents’sleep problems, with a mediated effect value of 0.11(P<0.001). and a relevant mediated effect proportion of 32.8%.③ The moderator role of social supportAfter controlling for the influence of sociodemographic variables, perceived stress, social support and the interaction between perceived stress and social support were the significant predictors of sleep quality, indicating social support also moderated the association of perceived stress with sleep problems.Conclusion:1. Community-based adults reported poor sleep quality.2. Perceived stress was a negative predictor of sleep quality; Resilience and social support were positive predictors of sleep quality.3. Resilience and social support decreased the negative effect of perceived stress on sleep disturbance. Resilience and social support may protect residents from sleep problems.