| ObjectiveTo investigate the special salt intake behavior of elderly hypertensive patients in minority ethnic rural areas, and explore the special salt intake behavior effects on blood pressure control. And investigate the level of low-salt diet KAP. According to the results of investigation, the salt restriction program which adept to the elderly hypertensive patients will be construct in minority ethnic rural areas. The study provides a scientific basis for salt restriction intervention.MethodsA three-stage stratified cluster random sampling strategy will be used for the population surveys. Extracted three townships from Huanjiang County in Guangxi, each township extracted three to five rural communities. Three hundred fifty-four elderly hypertensive patients were recruited. The investigation used the manner of face to face and on-site, and blood pressure was measured. The questionnaires included Elderly Hypertensive Patients in General Questionnaire, Special Salt Intake Behavior Questionnaire, Low-salt Diet KAP Questionnaire. All data were double check and entered SPSS 17.0 statistical software, established a database, used statistical processing and analysis. General information use d descriptive statistics. Measurement data were represented by(x±s). Chi-square test was used to compare the rate of blood pressure control. Multivariate analysis used unconditional logistic regression and stepwise multiple linear regression. Level data used Spearman rank correlation analysis.Result1. Among 354 elderly hypertensive patients, there were 261(73.7%) patients with special salt intake behavior, and 93(26.3%) patients without special salt intake habits.2. Among respondents with the special salt intake behavior,225(63.6%) respondents’blood pressure was uncontrolled, only 36(10.2%) respondents’ blood pressure was controlled. Among respondents without the special salt intake behavior, only 19(5.4%) respondents’blood pressure was uncontrolled, 74(20.9%) respondents’blood pressure was controlled.3. The special salt intake behavior custom includes "sauce dish" weekly consumption frequency, and the number of daily consumption. "Sauce dish" weekly consumption frequency, "daily" was 36.4%, "regular" was 20.9% and "occasional consumption" was 16.4%. The number of Daily consumption, "one time" was 53.7%, "two times" was 16.1%, "three times" was 4.0%. Three meals consumption, "dinner" was the highest 73.2%, "lunch" was 19.2%, and "breakfast food" was 5.4%.4. Special salt intake behavior and blood pressure control correlation analysis shows that "sauce dish" weekly consumption frequency, daily consumption, "dinner" and blood pressure control was moderately negatively correlated (rs=-0.612,-0.528,-0.544;P=0.000,0.000,0.000). Multivariate analysis showed that "sauce dish" weekly consumption frequency, gender were factors on blood pressure control.5. The rate of low-salt diet knowledge was low,29.8%; the rate of low-salt diet positive attitude was 48.6%; the rate of low-salt diet behaviors was 21.9%. Correlation analysis showed that between knowledge and attitude, attitudes and behavior was highly positive correlation (rs=0.771,0.747;P=0.000,0.000)。6. Special salt intake behavior and low-salt diet knowledge score correlation analysis showed that between "sauce dish" weekly consumption frequency, the number of daily consumption and knowledge score was negatively correlated (rs=-0.110,-0.138; P=0.038,0.009). Between low-salt diet education, education level and knowledge scores were positively correlated (rs=0.803,0.120; P=0.000,0.024). Multivariate analysis showed that low-salt diet education, knowledge sources and education level were factors on low-salt diet knowledge scores (P=0.000,0.000,0.003).Conclusion1. The special salt intake behavior is a risk factor of blood pressure control in the survey areas, suggesting that the health workers should pay attention to the special salt intake behavior, which could effects on treatment of hypertension.2. The low-salt diet KAP level of rural elderly hypertensive patients was low, and hypertensive patients who were in a low level of low-salt diet knowledge, were more frequent in the special salt intake behavior. It suggests that health workers could improve the low-salt diet KAP level through health education, then alter or reduce special salt intake behavior, in order to promote the effective control of blood pressure.3. According to the conditions of residence and township health services, scene experiential learning health education in a small group and telephone follow-up which based on hypertension management systems, was a effective way to improve low-salt KAP level in minority ethnic rural areas. |
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