The Study On Hypoglycemic Effect Of Type â…¡ Diabetes And Structure Of Antioxidant Polysaccharide From Momordica Charantia L.

In recent years, the research about polysaccharides of hypoglycemic effects from Momordica charantia L. mainly focuses on extraction, isolation, purification and monosaccharide composition. There is little on glucose-lowering mechanism and molecular characterization. This study is on characterization of polysaccharides from Momordica charantia L. by ball milling method for treatment of Momordica charantia L. material and 3T3-L1 cells of type II diabetes screening hypoglycemic constituents. The main results are as follows:1. With the conventional method, the powder particle size is 450μm and the extraction rate of polysaccharides is 10.88%. The polysaccharides content and protein content of NMCP are 60.33% and 0.63%, respectively. The result of DEAE-52 column chromatography finds that NMCP made up with two kinds of polysaccharides, named NMCP I and NMCP II. With the ball milling method, the powder particle size is 5-8μm and the extraction rate of polysaccharides is 12.8%. The polysaccharides content and protein content of MCP are 62.05% and 0.56%, respectively. The result of DEAE-52 column chromatography finds that MCP made up with there kinds of polysaccharides, named MCP I MCP II and MCPIII. MCP II and NMCP I have a higher rate of DPPH removal and their relative molecular masses are 43929Da and 13029Da with HPGPC test. This paper chooses MCP for further study.2. The antioxidant test in vitro finds that MCP II has a higher clearance on O2-·OH and DPPH. When the concentration is 2.1mg·mL-1, the O2-·clearance rate is as high as 83%. When the concentration is 1.9mg·mL-1, the OH clearance rate is as high as 87.54%. When the concentration is 3mg·mL-1, the DPPH clearance rate is 61.33%.3. Insulin resistance cell model of 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells is used to select the hypoglycemic activity of components. MTT test finds that there are non-toxic side effects of MCP Ⅰ MCP Ⅱ and MCPⅢ, at the same time, MCP I can promote cells growth. Glucose oxidase method detects the supernatant and finds that MCP II has a higher hypoglycemic active than MCPIII.4. The text uses type II diabetic rats’model checking the hypoglycemic active of MCPⅡ. When the oral dose is 200mg·kg-1, MCPⅡ can reduce fasting blood and glucose tolerance of rats. At the same time, MCP II can improve the activity of SOD and GSH-Px and reduce the content of MD A and TG, influencing the antioxidant defense system of type Ⅱ diabetic rats. But there is no effect on the weight loss.5. The primary structure of MCPⅡ:GC-MS analysis finds that MCPⅡ is composed of Rha, Ara, Xyl, Man, Glc, and Gal, and the molar ratio is 15.7:23.6:11.9:4.6:45.2:12. The result of methylation finds the main links of the polysaccharides are 1,3,4-Rha,1,4-p-Glc, 1,3-p-Gal,1,3,4-p-Glc. The NMR results show that MCP II contains two configurations, a and β.