| The human umbilical cord is a promising source of mesenchymal stem cells (HUCMSCs). Compare with bone marrow stem cells, HUCMSCs have a painless collection procedure and faster self-renewal properties. Unlike embryonic stem cells,HUCMSCs are noncontroversial. They can differentiate into the three germ layers that promote tissue repair and modulate immune responses and anticancer properties. Thus, they are attractive autologous or allogenic agents for the treatment of malignant and nonmalignant cancer. The use of HUCMSCs has many attractive advantages, including a noninvasive collection procedure, low risk of infection, nontumorigenesis, multipotency, and low immunogenicity. But whether HUCMSCs are the best for clinical use is not yet known. Nevertheless, the era of clinical use of HUCMSCs has arrived and has full potential.Control of stem and progenitor cell survival, proliferation, migration and differentiation are integral to their function. Lysophospholipids, particularly LPA and S1P, may play a significant role in the regulation of many aspects of embryonic stem cell. The sphingosine-1-phosphate (SIP) family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) regulates essential cellular processes such as proliferation, migration, cytoskeletal organization and morphogenesis. SIP can suppress immune rejection, SIP promotes the proliferation of hU-MSCs that can solve the needs of clinical application and reduce immunological rejection in cell therapy.MTT assay was used to measure the proliferation rate of HUCMSCs stimulated by S1P, S1P can enhanced HUCMSCs proliferation. The mRNA expression level of SIP receptors in HUCMSCs was detected by real time PCR, and S1PR2 preferentially expressed. Gi inhibitor, ERK inhibitor on proliferation of HUCMSCs induced by S1P were preformed. Then checked the level of ERK1/2 phosphorylation and Cyclin d1 by western blot. SIP stimulates the proliferation of HUCMSCs through S1PR2/Gi/ERK1/2 signaling pathway. |
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