The Screening And Prognostic Value Of Exosomal GPC1 Derived From Serum In Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Background:Non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide and the leading cause of cancer-related death, serious harm to people’s lives and health. Statistics show that the five-year survival rate of stage at diagnosis of their patients with NSCLC are closely related, if diagnosed early, can significantly improve the prognosis of patients. Because clinical lack of reliable diagnostic marker for NSCLC, most patients with NSCLC have distant metastases at diagnosis. Therefore, accurate diagnosis markers is essential to NSCLC.Exosomes are formed in the cell by a lipid bilayer membrane vesicle encapsulated, which carries the source of cell-specific proteins and nucleic acids, released by exocytosis into the extracellular, it can be a variety of body fluids, blood, urine, etc. in detected. Therefore, detection of tumor-derived exosomes carrying biological macromolecules is a new way cancer diagnostic marker study. GPC1 heparin-binding growth factor(HBGFs) co-receptor by glycosyl phosphatidylinositol(GPI) is attached to the cell surface, is highly expressed in various tumor tissues, and cell growth and metastasis are closely related. And tumor-derived exosomes rich GPC1 than non-tumor origin. So, exosomes GPC1 membrane proteins may become a new marker for the diagnosis of NSCLC.Objective:Comparison the difference level of serum exosomes membrane proteins GPC1 between NSCLC patients and healthy control subjects, and the changes after treatment, then explore GPC1 value in NSCLC screening and prognostic evaluation.Methods:Collect 18 cases of NSCLC patients(9 cases untreated, five cases after surgery,4 cases after chemotherapy) and 9 cases sex and age-matched healthy control subjects, serum exosomes were isolated by ultracentrifugation. TEM identification exosomes morphological, Western blot identification mark protein CD63 and CD9. Then the expression of GPC1 is detected by Western blot technique, the quantify expression levels compared to untreated group(Untreat), operation group(Surgery), chemotherapy group(CHRT) and control group( Control) expression of the difference between groups GPC1.Results:1. Exosomes were detected in both NSCLC patients and healthy controls, they circular or oval structure of 30-100 nm and Western blot confirmed the expression of CD63, CD9.2. The expression lever of CD63 in chemotherapy group was significantly higher than the control group, untreated group, surgery group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05), which demonstrated exosomes released increased in NSCLC patients after chemotherapy.3. The expression of serum exosomes GPC1 in Untreat group id significantly higher than the Control group(P<0.05), which may be associated with the occurrence of NSCLC; The expression of serum exosomes GPC1 in Surgery group and the CHRT group were significantly lower than Untreat(P<0.05), which may be related to tumor burden disappearance.Conclusion:1. The serum exosomes membrane proteins GPC1 highly expressed in NSCLC patients;2. The levels of NSCLC patients serum exosomes membrane proteins GPC1 reduced after surgery or chemotherapy;3. The serum exosomes of NSCLC patients increased after chemotherapy.