The Intervention And Regulation Effect Of Haematococcus Pluvialis Extract On Diabetic Mice

Background Generally recognized as a critical issue of global public health, diabetes has become the third noninfectious disease follow angiocardiopathy and cancer. So far, the major therapeutic method for treating diabetes has been the combination of applying insulin and controlling diet, as well as changing the living habit. Meanwhile, the adjuvant therapy of natural extracts has been the highlight in this field recently.Objective Through giving the diabetic mouse models different doses of haematococcus pluvialis extract to observe its intervention effect on blood glucose tolerance, insulin tolerance, lipid adjustment and the potential mechanism of improving diabetic symptoms.Methods The diabetic mouse models were induced by alloxan through intraperitoneal injection, and given by gavage with different doses of haematococcus pluvialis extract for 28 days. The contents of fasting blood glucose and their body weights were detected each 7 days. The capability of blood glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance was measured during later period of administration. Meanwhile, triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) were detected, while pancreatic tissue were pathologically examined.Results After modeling, the mice had dark and messyfur, and the symptom including polydipsia, polyphagia and polyuria appeared with significant weight loss. By giving different doses of haematococcus pluvialis extract in 28 d for experimental groups, the comparisons between the weights of model group, and high, middle and low dose group respectively had statistical differences (p<0.01, p<0.05,p<0.05). The comparisons between the blood glucose of model group, and high and middle dose group respectively had statistical differences (p<0.05,p<0.05). The difference between high dose groups was most evident. During the experiment of blood glucose tolerance, the blood glucose level of each group reached the peak in 30 min of glucose loading. The glucose levels appeared downtrend after 30 min, of which the high dose group and middle dose group were much lower than the model group in 120 min (p<0.01,p<0.01). In the insulin experiment, injecting 0.8 U/kg insulin, after 15 min later, the blood glucose level of high dose group declined 20.9% compared with that of the basic level, while the low dose group only declined 0.6%. Three dose groups had the lowest blood glucose levels in 90 min which declined 53.6%,23.9% and 17.9% respectively, while the model group just declined 5.3%. The blood glucose increased in 120 min, however, the level of it was still significantly lower in the high dose group of haematococcus pluvialis extract than that in model group (p<0.01). TC, TG and LDL-C of the high dose group of haematococcus pluvialis extract were significantly lower than that in the model group, (p<0.05,p<0.01, p<0.05). According to the pathological examination, extracts reduced the islet cell apoptosis relied on different doses, which was accompanied by regeneration.Conclusion haematococcus pluvialis extract has remarkable effect of decreasing blood glucose level; relieving the symptoms of polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria and weight loss; improving the glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance of diabetic; increasing the utilization of glucose; regulating blood lipids on diabetic mice; reducing islet cell apoptosis and promoting cell regeneration. It has no effect on the blood glucose and lipids of normal mice. Among the three dose groups, the high dose group (8 g/kg) has the best effect. haematococcus pluvialis extract can regulate blood glucose and lipids of modeling diabetic mice to a certain extent. As a dietary supplement or nutrition regulator, it has certain application value and its functional mechanism is to be further studied.