| Sphincter of Oddi is a Neuromuscular complex, which is located at the junction of the bile duct, pancreatic duct and duodenum. SO is the final outflow of bile and pancreatic juice. Its volume and weight is negligible in the human body, but the function cannot be neglected. When the body is exposed to some etiological factors, for example, drinking a good deal of wine, the myoelectricity and dynamics of the sphincter of Oddi will change accordingly. Then the cholecystopancreatic disease will happen. The acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory response. when the pancreatin is activated under the various factors, the tissue will feed itself. The acute pancreatitis is defined as a sort of acute inflammation with other parts of the organization and remote organ and system by the Scholars on the international symposium which is held in Atlanta. In the incidence of the acute pancreatitis, the acute alcohol related pancreatitis hold pride of place in the western country. At the end of last century, 14.1 percent of the acute pancreatitis is acute alcohol related pancreatitis in our country. In recent years, there is a significant increase in the proportion of the acute alcohol related pancreatitis. At present, the pathogenesis of the acute alcohol related pancreatitis is not clear. The possible interpretation is: first, the gastric acid increases that is stimulated by alcohol, then stimulate duodenum secrete secretin and pancreozymin, increase pancreatic juice.Second, SO is spasm that caused by the alcohol stimulates the mucous membrane of duodenum, then lead to the internal pressure of pancreatic duct rise. Pancreatic drainage is difficult. Third, alcohol lead to protein and bicarbonate which exist in pancreatic juice increase. A sediment forms by the protein and calcium hang together, then attach to the pancreatic ductwall, form protein embolus. As a result, the pancreatic duct will be stricture and obstruction. Fourth, alcohol directly cause the pancreatic bubble cytoplasm degeneration, mitochondria swelling and lipoids accumulation,pancreatic duct epithelial cell damage. In the factors mentioned, the main reason of AARP is pancreatic juice drainage is difficult that is lead to by SO spasm when the alcohol stimulate the mucous membrane of duodenum.But now the objective and quantitative evidence is scanty. This experiment will use the marriage of electrophysiological means and dynamic means to research the influence of alcohol on the electrophysiological means and dynamic means of the rabbit. Then the date we will proceed statistical treatment, thus we will make with objective and quantitative analysis and judgments by SO occurred in the process of two aspects of the role and effect way in the AARP, provide theoretical basis for clinical prevent the happening of the AARP and slow down the process of the AARP.Healthy adult rabbits(n=24) were randomly divided into 3 groups with 8 in each group. The first group was for recording of myoelectric activities of SO after keeping fast for 24 hours. The second group was manipulated to observe the myoelectric activities of SO after alcohol infusion through the stoma in stomach. The third group was injected subcutaneously somatostatin with a concentration of 0.1mg in 1ml normal saline.Result:1. Spike Potentials of SO with the frequency of 0.1~0.3Hz and the maximum potential of 250~435uv was observed in rabbits that had been fasting for 24 hours indicating a state in which the SO kept a basic tension level in order to faciliate the deposition and condensation of bile.2. Myoelectronic activity of SO with a frequency of 5~7times/min and the maximum potential of 480~725μV was observed in rabbits after5~8 minutes that had been fasting for 24 hours and then were infused with30 ml 52% ethanol through stoma. This state lasted for 60 min before SPSOgradually reconverted to the state of empty abdomen. It may be interpreted that the SO is spasm on and off, bile reflux into the pancreatic duct.3. MASO was not observed in rabbits that had been fasting for 24 hours and then were infused with 30 ml 52% ethanol through stoma, at the same time, 0.1mg somatostatin were injected. This state lasted for 60~80min before SPSO gradually reconverted to the state of empty abdomen. It may be interpreted that the SO is relax when the somatostatin was injected, accelerating the release of pancreatic juice and bile.Conclusion:1. This topic of fasting rats by gastric fistula injection of ethanol research the change of electromyography of the sphincter of Oddi, the results showed that after injecting a dose of ethanol, the sphincter of Oddi intermittent array distributing electricity, prompt the sphincter of Oddi in paroxysmal spasm state, leading to pancreatic juice, pancreatic duct pressure, pancreatic juice regurgitation, this may be one of the main mechanism of ethanol in pancreatitis. But ethanol is directly effect on pancreatic cells leading to alcoholic pancreatitis and pancreatic duct epithelium still needs further research.2.For ethanol injection of rabbit after the use of somatostatin eradicate the electromyography of the sphincter of Oddi, prompt the sphincter of Oddi in a state of relaxation, nipple, smooth emissions promote bile and pancreatic juice into the duodenum, prompt somatostatin not only reduce the exocrine pancreas, as well as diastolic the sphincter of Oddi, reduce pancreatic duct pressure, this is probably one of the mechanisms of somatostatin in treatment of alcoholic pancreatitis. |
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