Changes In The Corneal Stroma Cell Density In Diabetic Cataract Patients With Phacoemulsification By In Vivo Confocal Microscopy

Objective:To observe the changes of cell density of anterior stromal layer and posterior stromal layer in diabetics before and after the phacoemulsification combined with artificial lens implantation at different time.Methods:Collecting the data of 30 diabetic patients, who had been diagnosed in the Fourth People’s Hospital of Shenyang from 2014.08 to 2015.01. Among them,15 cases were diagnosed with diabetic cataract patients and 15 cases were diagnosed with age-related cataract. The operations of the 30 patients were completed by the same ophthalmologist with ultrasonic emulsification instrument (Alcon America).All patients were examined by the same experienced examining physician with confocal microscopy. The measurement is divided into four steps:before the operation, a week after the operation, a month after the operation and three month after the operation. Image analysis is completed by another physician. Accordingly, the physicians observed and recorded the data of cell density of anterior stromal layer and posterior stromal layer. The author used SPSS13.0 to analyze the data. First of all, the author analyzed the data of diabetic group and the controlled group. The data was indicated by mean value and the standard deviation. Then, the author used two-way analysis of variance to analyze these data. The difference is P(P<0.05) which shows there is a Statistical significance in the experiment. The author adopted the least significant different method to compare the mean of the samples.Results:l.Cell density of anterior stromal layer in cornea:Before the operation, as for, there is no difference between diabetic group and the controlled group(P>0.05). After the operation, as for the the cell density of anterior stromal layer central cornea in three different times, there is no difference between diabetic group and the controlled group(P>0.05). The author analyses the sample of diabetic group itself. By comparing the data collected before the operation and three different times after the operation, it shows that there is no statistic difference. The author analyses the sample of the controlled group itself. By comparing the data collected before the operation and three different times after the operation, it shows that there is no statistic difference.2. Cell density of posterior stromal layer in cornea:3. Before the operation, as for the cell density of posterior stromal layer central cornea, there are no differences between diabetic group and the controlled group (P>0.05). After the operation, Comparing the diabetic group with the control group, there is no significant difference in cell density of posterior stromal layer central cornea three different time after the operation. The author compared the cell density of posterior stromal layer cornea three different times of post-operation with that of pre-operation in control group:there are significantly reductions in one week after the operation (P<0.05). Comparing the results of a month and three months after the operation with that of pre-operation, P=0.265,0.599 which shows that there is no statistic meaning. However, the author compared the cell density of posterior stromal layer cornea three different time of post-operation with that of pre-operation in diabetic group:P=0.009,0.001 which indicates that the cell density of posterior stromal layer cornea decreased a week and a month after the operation.Conclusion:一:Cell density of anterior stromal layer in cornea:1. There are no statistic differences between diabetic group and the control group in four different times.2. There is no statistic meaning in changes of cell density before and after the the phacoemulsification in control group.3. There is no statistic meaning in changes of cell density before and after the the phacoemulsification in diabetic group.二:Cell density of posterior stromal layer in cornea:1. There are no statistic differences between diabetic group and the control group in four different times.2. The cell density of control group decreased only a week after the operation which shows that there is statistic meaning.3. The cell density of diabetic group decreased a week after the operation and a month after the operation which indicates that there is statistic meaning.三:Both groups recover to the preoperative level three months after the operation. Comparing with the control group, though the cell density of diabetic group recovers slowly.