Master Thesis One:a Case Report Of Mycosis Fungoides Presenting As Erosive Tumor And Review Of The Literature Master Thesis Two:Effects Of Long-term Exposure To Arsenic On The Apoptosis Of HaCat Cells

Background:Mycosis fungoides is malignant neoplasm of T-lymphocyte origin, which affects mostly elderly patients and has a long evolution. The 3 main stages of cutaneous involvement of MF include patch-, plaque- and tumor-stage disease. The multiple morphologies of Mycosis fungoides make the early diagnosis difficult and the differential diagnosis vast.Case presentation:A 65-year-old male was admitted to the department of dermatology for erythematous lesions on his torso and extremities which lasted for five years and deteriorated for 1 month. Five years ago, erythematous patches between 3 to 8 cm in diameter appeared on the patient’s torso and extremities, which was diagnosed as "lynphoma" in the local hospital. Since 2012, he had been admitted to our hospital for four times. Immunohistochemical staining showed positive result for CD3, CD4, CD8, and negative for CD20, CA30, CD79a. Histopathologic examination showed epidermotropism of lymphocytes with pautrier microabscess formation. He was diagnosed with mycosis fungoides and given immune suppression、topical steroids and antibiotic. The patient was admitted for worsen lesions for 1 month again. Physical examination revealed erosive tumor on his face, neck, upper torso, armpit, groin and anus. There was no lymph node could be touched. Considering the patient’s lesions, histopathologic examination and auxiliary examination, we assumed the disease was on tumor-stage. Topical treatment and antibiotic were given, meanwhile, strengthening the psychotherapy to improve the patient’s mental condition.Conclusion:Mycosis fungoides is a kind of chronic disease. Diagnosis and staging shall be based on symptoms, pathology diagnosis and assistant examination. When the disease was on tumor stage, there are many ulcers on lesion, we shall perform tropical treatment and antibiotics to prevent from infection and complications. Meanwhile, we should enhance mental therapy to improve his mental condition.Background:It is well known that the HaCaT cell, when exposed chronically for>25 weeks to a low level of arsenic results in cells of acquired malignant phenotype. This acquired malignant phenotype has been proved useful as a cell model systems for in depth study of epidermal carcinogenesis induced by arsenic. Prior research focus attention on the impact of cell cycle and cytokine, But still relatively little is known about apoptosis. Studying on the change of HaCaT cell apoptosis when they are exposed to arsenic would give clues to the pathogenesis. In this study, we first compare the difference of apoptosis between HaCaT cells and arsenic-transformed cells. Then we study the expression of Xiap and Ciap1 proteins berween the two kinds of cells.Objective:To investigate the influence of low level, Long-term arsenic exposure on HaCat cell apoptosis and the expression of Xiap and Ciapl proteins.Methods:HaCaT cells were exposed to a low level of arsenic for 25 weeks. The level of apoptosis of HaCaT cells and arsenic-transformed cells were measured by Tunel kit. The protein expressions of Xiap and Ciapl between the two kinds of cells were determined by immunocytochemical staining.Results:1. The apoptosis rate of the arsenic-transformed cells was significantly lower than that of the HaCaT cells.2. The expression of Xiap and Ciapl proteins in arsenic-transformed cells was significantly higher than that of the HaCaT cells.Conclusion:1. The apoptosis rate of the arsenic-transformed cells was significantly lower than that of the HaCaT cells.2. The expression of Xiap and Ciap1 proteins in arsenic-transformed cells was significantly higher than that of the HaCaT cells.3. Xiap and Ciapl may play an impotant role during malignant transformation of HaCaT cells induced by arsenic.