Risk Of Perioperative Anemia And Effect Of Blood Transfusion

Anemia is a global problem, estimated 25% of the population suffer anemia. Presently, there is no evidence stating that perioperative anemia increased mortality. However clinical retrospective research showed association between anemia and mortality. As to mechanism of anemia-related injury, studies and results showed that anemia linking to tissue hypoxia, organ injury and even death. Transfusion, erythropoiesis-stimulating agent and hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier are often used to treat anemia, but there is lack of proof as to their effect on mortality. There are many methods to test the hemoglobin concentration during tissue hypoxia yet all limited in certain way. Biomarkers of anemia-induced tissue hypoxia are studied in order to evaluate the effect of anemia. In case of anemia, transfusion is main method, but its complications and effect on mortality are not to be overlooked. Surgical patients received transfusion mainly in the operating room, so anesthesiologists are responsible for knowing the latest development in blood management so as to prevent adverse effects.