Study On Protective Effect Of Platelet-rich Plasma On Brain Injury And Hemorrhagic Shock In Rats Brain

Background and ObjectiveBackground:traumatic brain injury(TBI) and hemorrhagic shock(HS) in serious condition, changes quickly, injury mortality rate as high as 56% within 24 h, and early,timely,effectiveearly fluid resuscitation is of great important for saving the lives of patients. The most commonly fluid resuscitation used there are some drawbacks, a large infusion of crystalloid extracellular fluid can cause edema, acidosis; Studies have found that ordinary colloid could cause the disturbances of clotting mechanism, does not improve outcomes, especially protective effect of brain tissue is not obvious. Ideal fluid resuscitation should maintain perfusion of vital organs of the body at the same time reduce cerebral edema, delay the primary nerve damage, prevent secondary injury. Scholars from various countries are actively exploring more appropriate recovery strategies, Hwabejire JO used fresh frozen plasma(FFP) to recover brain injury and hemorrhagic shock swine model, found it reduce the neurotoxicity of glutamate-mediated protective effect of brain by improving cerebral perfusion. Compared to FFP, platelet-rich plasma(PRP) contain a large number of platelets and growth factors, are widely used in cardiac surgery and repair of bone defects and soft tissue, etc. Some studies have also found that PRP treat for nerve compression injury. However, as the fluid resuscitation, effect on TBI merging with HS and protective effect on the brain of PRP are unclear. In this study, PRP treated rats of TBI merging with HS, assessing the effects on brain edema, blood-brain barrier function, blood stream dynamics, inflammation factors of damaged area, arterial blood gas, and hippocampal region of the nerve cell survival situation observed.Objective:To investigate the protective effect of platelet-rich plasma on brain injury and hemorrhagic shock in rats brain. Methods125 female adult healthy SD rats,taking 25 healthy SD rats prepared fresh frozen plasma and platelet rich plasma by Aghaloo, and detected both the physical and chemical indicators. 100 healthy adult SD rats were stochastically divided into four groups, each 25: sham operation group(sham group), brain injury and hemorrhagic shock group(vehicle group), fresh frozen plasma group(FFP group), platelet-rich group(PRP group); Sham group were only opened skull bone window, other three groups were used Feeney improved method and Wiggers improved method to make rat brain injury and hemorrhagic shock model. After 60 minutes, the vehicle group were given three times the amount of blood loss saline, FFP group, PRP group were given the same amount of blood loss FFP and PRP. Tested Hemodynamics and Arterial blood gas in Rats, and compared 24 h survival in the recovery period, blood-brain barrier permeability measured by EB staining, cerebral edema measured by dry-wet weight method, IL-1、IL-6、TNF-β measured by Elisa, improvement of neurological disorders measured by m NSS score and beam balance test, and brain neuronal cell survival deserved by Nissl staining in 7 days. ResultsPlatelet concentration of PRP measured by measured,(1857.9±278. 30)×109/L,was 6.14 times the whole blood platelets.MAP of vehicle group recovered is 25 mm Hg, PRP group remained at around 70 mm Hg, and FFP group is 66 mm Hg, lower than the PRP group(F=46.00,p≤0.05).Blood gas analysis found: blood lactate of PRP group was 2.90 mmol/ L, lower than the vehicle group(4.55 mmol/L) and FFP group(3.8 mmol/L)in 90min(F=152.10,p≤0.05).24 h survival analysis results in rats: survival rates of sham group, vehicle group were 100%, 39.70%, FFP group, PRP group was 63.89%, 78.78%, higher than the vehicle group(p≤0.05). 24 h after recovery IL-1 expression in each group: FFP group, PRP group was significantly lower than the vehicle group, compared with the FFP,PRP group decreased(t=82.343, p≤0.05); IL-6 expression of PRP group was lower than in the FFP group, vehicle group(t=10.98,p≤0.05); TNF-β expression of PRP group was significantly lower than the vehicle group(t=4.274,p≤0.05). Recovered at 24 h,vehicle group EB contents were about 9 times the sham group(t=38.20,p≤0.05),PRP group was significantly lower than EB FFP group(t=10.65,p≤0.05). After recovery 1d brain water content in each experimental group were significantly lower than vehicle group(F=134.12, p<0.05). Results of m NSS score and balance beam test showed that PRP group better than FFP group, vehicle group in 7 days(p<0.05).The vehicle group and FFP group showed neurons sparse, disordered arrangement, surrounding cell vacuoles, cell swelling in hippocampal CA3 region by Nissl staining, but PRP group showed an increase in the number of neurons, vacuolization reduced, arranged in an orderly. ConclusionUsing platelet-rich plasma on brain injury and hemorrhagic shock resuscitation in rats can maintain hemodynamic stability, lower blood lactate, Improve survival, reduce inflammatory cytokines IL-1 、 IL-6 and TNF-β expression, reduce the permeability of blood brain barrier,relieve cerebral edema, improve nerve function, a neuro protective effect.