| With the development of medical science, prevention and control of hospital infection has become an important part of the job of the administrative department of public health and hospitals. The newborns are susceptible to nosocomial infection because its special physiological state. Hospital infection of newborns caused incalculable damage to the family, society as well as the neonatal themselves. In the postnatal wards, Skin and mucosal infection was the most common type of neonatal infection, hand contact by medical staff and puerpera as well as their companions was the most common ways of transmission. Along with the wide spread of the maternal-neonatal units, both puerpera and their companions have more and more contact with newborns, education and management of puerpera and companions’ hand hygiene becomes increasingly important in prevention and control of neonatal infection.Objective In order to understand the the cognition and behavior situation in hand hygiene of puerpera and companions in maternal-neonatal units, at the same time investigate the effects of puerpera and companions’ hand hygiene on the skin infections of newborn babies and its related factors, and provide the basis for the implementation of puerpera and companions’ hand hygiene education in the perinatal period in hospital,Methods we chose2288puerpera with their newborn babies and companions in the maternal-neonatal unit and randomly divided them into intervention group (n=1213) and control group (n=1075), education about hand hygiene was given to the puerpera and companions of intervention group, to investigate the cognition and behavior situation in hand hygiene and its related factors of906puerpera and883companions from the two groups by questionnaire them from cluster sampling at regular time; at the same time we take samples of puerpera’ hand(n=306), companions’ hand(n=306), medical staff’s hand (n=84) and ward air (n=84) by random sampling to make microbial culture and counting, then compare the difference between the two groups, we also compared neonatal infection rate between the two groups.Results The main results are as following:①The situation of puerpera’ hand hygiene cognition and behavior:the score of puerpera’ hand hygiene cognition and behavior of intervention group was8.51±1.70and5.91±2.65, higher than that from control group (7.65±1.53,4.36±2.24), there was significant difference between the two groups (P<0.01); Both the score of puerpera’hand hygiene cognition of the two groups(5.91±2.65,4.36±2.24) are lower than those of companions(6.59±2.83,5.14±3.08), and also had a larger distance from the full marks(12);②The situation of companions’hand hygiene cognition and behavior:the score of companions’hand hygiene cognition and behavior of intervention group was6.59±2.83and12.21±1.42, while that from control group was5.14±3.08and9.62±1.64, there was significant difference between the two groups (P<0.01); the score of companions’hand hygiene cognition of the two groups(6.59±2.83,5.14±3.08) had a larger distance from the full marks(12).③The outcome of microbial culture and counting on hand:The count of bacterial colonies on puerperal’s hand of the intervention group was11.38±19.10/cm2, compared with that of the control group (14.31±26.54/cm2), there was significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05), the positive rate of microbial culture on puerpera’s hand of the intervention group was28.17%, lower than that of the control group (60.98%), the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.01); The count of bacterial colonies on companions’hand of the intervention group was8.97±12/cm, lower than that of the control group (20.79±30.61/cm2), the positive rate of microbial culture on companions’hand of the intervention group was34.51%, lower than that of the control group(69.51%), the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.01); The count of bacterial colonies on medical staff and of intervention group was4.43±10.94/cm2, compared with that from control group(2.08±2.96/cm2), there was no significant difference (P>0.05), the positive rate of microbial culture on medical staff of the intervention group was14.29%, lower than that of the control group(11.43%), there was no significant difference (P>0.05).④The outcome of microbial culture and counting on ward air:the count of bacterial colonies onward air of intervention group was6.53±5.04m3, compared with that from control group (11.28±12.40/m3), there was no significant difference (P>0.05), the positive rate of microbial culture on medical staff and ward air of the intervention group was0, compared with that of the control group(2.86%), there was no significant difference (P>0.05).⑤Analyze on related factors of puerpera and companions’hand hygiene behavior:Correlation analysis indicates that health education and hand hygiene cognition were related factors of puerpera and companions’ hand hygiene behavior (P<0.05).⑥Neonatal infection rate:62neonatal have got infection, the infection rate of intervention group was1.98%, compared with that of control group (3.44%), the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.01); The neonatal infection type include skin infection, omphalitis and conjunctivitis, skin infection was the main type, it’s ratio in the two groups were60.87%与86.84%, the difference between the two groups was significantly (P<0.05).Conclusions According to the research, we draw the following conclusions:①The hand hygiene cognition and behavior situation of the puerpera and their companions in maternal-neonatal units was in a low level;②Providing health education can improve the puerpera and companions’hand hygiene cognition and behavior situation;④Providing hand hygiene education to the puerpera and companions can decrease the incidence of neonatal infection;④Hand hygiene cognition level and health education are related factors Of puerpera and companions’ hand hygiene compliance;⑤Providing health education of hand hygiene in maternal-neonatal units in multi-ways can effectively improve the puerpera and companions’ hand hygiene compliance, improve their hands hygiene situation, reduce the incidence of hospital infection in neonates, it’s worthy of promotion. |
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