| The new rural cooperative medical care system (NRCMCS) is a preferential policy for farmers in rural areas. Farmers can benefit from it when they fight against the illness and poorness caused by their sickness in daily life. As the main part of the policy’s implementation, our government should be responsible for it theoretically. However, due to the particularity of social development in our country and the influence of market-oriented economy the interests balances is complex among the three main parties of NRCMCS, The implementation of the NRCMS is not consistent with the expected. Ethnic minority areas has bad natural environment, low level of economic development, special culture background, taking Dou’an Tribe Autonomous County as case study object is base on it is an economically underdeveloped area with a strong ethnic characteristics in Guangxi province. It will be significant to find out the sources of NRCMCS problems in the implementation process when the system is carried out by the local governments.The paper shows related concepts and connotations in the view of New Public Service Theory. It also analyzes the responsibility of local governments about NRCMCS project. Next, the paper regards Du’an as its research object, through investigation and literature research analysis in the implementation of new farmers and the government at the county level results and the existing shortcomings, from the service for citizens, public interest, responsive, and citizen participation four aspects to discuss the reason of the government lack of the responsibility in NRCMCS. Finally, from the perspective of new public service theory, propose some suggestions on the author’s opinion, in order to further promote of system has certain help, further to protect farmers interests directly. Finally, in the view of New Public Service Theory, the paper gives some useful advice. It aims at helping the development of NRCMCS and protecting the interests of farmers. |