An In Vitro Study Of Pit And Fissure Sealing Practiced With Various Sealing Materials And Certain Adhesive Systems

[Objectives] The purpose of this in vitro study is to evaluate marginal integrity and microleakage of resin-based sealant, flowable composite resin, compomer and glass ionomer cement combined with certain adhesive systems, in order to explore a more convenient, effective and time-saving approach which intends to be applied in less developed areas of West China.[Methods] A total of80sound premolars stored in artificial saliva were randomly divided into5groups (n=16). Pits and fissures were prepared by ART technique and sealed with various materials and adhesive systems. Groups included:(1) phosphoric acid etching+Concise (control);(2) AdperTM Easy One+Concise;(3) AdperTM Easy One+FiltekTM Z350XT flowable resin;(4) AdperTM Easy One+Dyract Extra compomer; and (5) GC Fuji VII. After operation time recording and ISO-TR11405standard thermocycling,3specimens in each group were randomly cut and detected by SEM for analyzing marginal integrity; another3specimens in each group were randomly immersed in0.1%Rhodamine B isothiocyanate for30min, sectioned, and evaluated by CLSM; the others were all immersed in2%methylene blue for7h, rinsed, sectioned, and observed by stereomicroscope for penetration. Data illustrating microleakage degrees were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis H test and Mann-Whitney test, and the operation.time was analyzed with t test, with the level of significance set at a=0.05.[Results] Microleakage were presented in all groups. Group2and3showed no significant differences compared with the control group (P>0.05), while the operation time was shorter than that of the control group (P<0.05). Group4and5showed greater microleakage, which was significantly different from the others (P<0.05). No shedding of sealing materials during teeth cutting in group4, due to the reasonable strength of Dyract Extra compomer, while sheddings occurred in other groups. Group5consumed the shortest time, and sealing materials could infiltrate into the bottom of deep pits and fissures.[Concussion] Resin-based sealant and flowable composite resin combined with self-etching adhesive system shows advantages of operative convenience and effectiveness. Dyract Extra compomer presents with higher intensity and better abrasion resistance; sealing with glass ionomer cement is the most convenient and time-saving approach. Each material and technique might be advocated and practiced based on clinical and economic conditions of certain regions, while large quantity of cohort studies should be conducted if certain approach intends to be applied at large scale.