The Significant Of Calpain-1and GPC3Expression In Gallbladder Carcinoma Tissue The Analysis Of Their Relationship With Clinicopathologic Factors

Backgroud:Gallbladder cancer is generally considered to be a relatively rare malignant tumor with a high aggressiveness and a poor prognosis. Gallbladder cancer epidemiological survey report from Chinese Medical Association shows that the incidence of gallbladder cancer ranks the19th in the malignant tumor and the6th in gastrointestinal cancer in China, which is close to the epidemiological characteristics of gallbladder cancer all over the world.Although a series of comprehensive treatments based on surgery have been taken, the five-year survival rate of gallbladder cancer is still little optimism. Difficulty of early diagnosis of gallbladder cancer and low radical excision rate of advanced tumor are the main problems which are seriously affecting the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of gallbladder cancer. Finding a biomarker related with gallbladder cancer become significant for early diagnosis and targeted therapy. Calpain-1and GPC3(glypican-3) play important roles in cell metabolism which are closely related to the occurrence and development of gallbladder cancer. Recently, Calpain-1and GPC3(glypican-3) have been studied in various malignant tumors, but their role in gallbladder cancer has not yet been reported.Objective:Explore the expression of Calpain-1and GPC3in gallbladder cancer tissue, and their relationship with clinicopathologic factors and clinical significanceMethods:Between January2007and December2011, a total of100patients diagnosed with gallbladder cancer who accepted surgery treatment in First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Zhejiang University, were enrolled in this study. Pathological data and other clinical information was obtained from all patients.30patients with cholecystitis who accepted surgery treatment in the same period were taken as control. Using immunohistochemistry EnVision two-step method to detect the sections of paraffin-embedded tissue from gallbladder cancer and cholecystitis. SPSS19software was used to analyze data. A value of p<0.05was considered to indicate statistical significance.Result:The high-expression rate of Calpain-1is32%in gallbladder cancer and6.7%in cholecystitis by IHC with a significant difference (x2=7.668, p=0.006, p<0.05). The positive rate of GPC3is54%in gallbladder cancer and63.3%in cholecystitis without significant difference (χ2=0.997, p=0.318, p>0.05). There is positive relationship between the expression of Calpain-1and GPC3in gallbladder cancer (r=0.517, p=0.00, p<0.05), and negative relationship in cholecystitis (r=-0.856, p=0.00, p<0.05). No significant difference was found between Calpain-1and GPC3expression with age, gender, tissue differentiation degree, histological type, TNM stage, and distant metastasis (P>0.05).Conclusion:High expression of Calpain-1may plays a stimulative role in the occurrence and development of gallbladder cancer. High expression of Calpain-1may be associated with the invasiveness of gallbladder cancer and could be a molecular marker of gallbladder cancer. This study suggests that joint detection of Calpain-1and GPC3could be useful to the diagnosis of gallbladder cancer.