A Research On Child Temperament Characteristics And The Color Preference In Autism Children

Objective (1) To investigate the temperament characteristics of autism children andanalyze the correlation between temperament characteristics and behaviors in them.(2) Toinvestigate the sequence of color preference of autism children and the difference of colorpreference between the autism children and healthy children in different age and genderrespectively.Methods (1)“NYLS Three-Seven Child’s Qualities Questionnaire” was applied to30autism children and60healthy children.(2)“Childhood autism rating scale (CARS)” wasapplied to autism children to evaluate the behaviors.(3) Using the paired-comparisonsmethod to investigate the color preference in45autism children and124healthy children.Results (1) There were significant difference in “approach and withdrawal”,“adaptability”,“quality of mood”,“persistence” and “distractibility” between autism childrenand healthy children (P<0.01).(2)“Activity” of temperament dimension in autism childrenhad apparently positive correlation with “general impression” of CARS (r=0.416);“rhythmicity” had all apparently negative correlation with “auditory reaction”,“gustatory,olfactory and tactile reaction” and “anxious reaction”(r=-0.389,r=-0.384,r=-0.396);“adaptability” had all apparently negative correlation with “somatic operating ability” and“environmental adaptability”(r=-0.370,r=-0.495);“intensity of reaction” had apparentlypositive correlation with “language exchange”(r=0.371);“quality of mood” had allapparently negative correlation with “visual reaction”,“gustatory, olfactory and tactilereaction” and “anxious reaction”(r=-0.411,r=-0.399,r=-0.467);“distractibility” hadapparently negative correlation with “visual reaction”(r=-0.376);“threshold of responsiveness” had apparently negative correlation with “anxious reaction”(r=-0.574).(3)The sequence of color preference in autism children was: yellow, black, blue, green, red,purple, orange, white.(4) There were remarkable differences in “red”,“yellow” and “purple”between autism children and healthy children (P<0.05).(5) There were remarkabledifferences in “yellow” and “purple” between the boys of autism children and the boys ofhealthy children (P<0.05), and there were remarkable differences in “red”,“yellow” and“black” between the girls of autism children and the girls of healthy children (P<0.05).(6)There were remarkable differences in “yellow” between autism children aged4to5and thehealthy children of the same age (P<0.05), and there were remarkable differences in “red” and“black” between autism childre aged6and the healthy children of the same age (P<0.05).(7)There was no remarkable difference between boys and girls of autism children in colorpreference (P>0.05).(8) There were no remarkable differences among the aged4, aged5andaged6of autism children in color preference (P>0.05).Conclusions (1) In temperament characteristics, the scores of “approach andwithdrawal”,“adaptability”,“quality of mood”,“persistence” and “distractibility” in autismchildren were lower than healthy children.(2) There were significant correlations betweentemperament dimensions (such as “activity”,“rhythmicity”,“adaptability”,“intensity ofreaction”,“quality of mood”,“distractibility” and “threshold of responsiveness”) andbehaviors in autism children.(3) Color preference was difference between autism childrenand healthy children. Compared with healthy children, autism children more liked “yellow”,less liked “red” and “purple”. Compared with healthy children, the boys of autism childrenmore liked “yellow”, less liked “purple”, and girls of autism children more liked “yellow”and “black”, less liked “red”. Relative to age4and age5of healthy children, autism childrenwith the same age more liked “yellow”; compared with age6of healthy children, autismchildren with the same age more liked “black”, less liked “red”.(4) Boys and girls of autismchildren were the same color preference.(5) Different age groups of autism children were the same color preference.