Study On The Sod Culture Techniques Of Southern Fresh Jujube

Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) is a specific woody grain and ecological economic tree species in China. Southern jujube industry has developed rapidly. But the traditional orchards soil tillage management leading serious south soil erosion, and affect the fresh fruit quality and yield. Sod culture as a new ecological orchard planting mode, can effectively improve the ecological environment of the orchard. In this study, "Zhong qiu su cui" was used as the test materials. Through the field observations, soil analysis, fruit analysis and mathematical statistics method to explore the effect of sod culture in southern jujube orchards, and discuss the influences of Trifolium repens, Lolium multiflorum, Lolium perenne on jujube orchard’s soil physical and chemical characteristics, soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities, fruit quality and yield. Aims to selected suitable grass seed and provide a scientific basis for orchard planting mode of southern jujube. The main results of this study are as follows:1. Soil physical and chemical characteristics were significantly improved by sod culture of southern fresh jujube orchard. Sod culture covered the orchard like a green screen, can reach the regulation of soil temperature and water content, improve soil physical structure (reduced soil bulk density of each period, increasing the total soil porosity) and increase soil organic matter, improve soil total N, total P, total K and available P content. Trifolium repens treatment most significantly improves the soil physical and chemical characteristics of southern fresh jujube orchard.2. Soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities were significantly improved by sod culture of southern fresh jujube orchard. Soil microbial biomass carbon and soil microbial biomass nitrogen were increased significantly compared with after planting Trifolium repens, Lolium multiflorum, Lolium perenne during florescence and fruit enlarging. Soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in each period under different treatments from high to low is Trifolium repens, Lolium perenne, Lolium multiflorum, control. Each period of the activity of soil sucrose, soil nvertase, soil acid phosphatase, soil celluase under Trifolium repens treatment were higher than other treatments. considering with soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities, Trifolium repens treatment was more effective.3. Fruit quality and yield were significantly improved by sod culture of southern fresh jujube. Sod culture can improve the fruit weight of southern fresh jujube, where Trifolium repens treatment reaches 9.55g,24.67% higher than control. Under Trifolium repens treatment the fruit edible ratio, water content, soluble solids, titratable acidity, vitamin C content of fresh jujube, total sugar, soluble sugar, reductive sugar content were the highest. By the mean membership function method for comprehensive evaluation of the quality character indexes, derived fruit quality from high to low is Trifolium repens, Lolium multiflorum, Lolium perenne, control. Sod culture little effect the yield per tree of the second annual, but in the third year effect is obvious, achieved high yield levels, the yield per tree from high to low is Trifolium repens, Lolium perenne, Lolium multiflorum, control. Predictably, Trifolium repens treatment is the best on improving fruit quality and the yield of southern fresh jujube.In summary, Sod culture has an excellent application effect in southern fresh jujube production, while Trifolium repens is the best grass of southern fresh jujube’s sod culture.