| Water is the lifeblood of agricultural production, but is also the bottleneck of current agricultural development. Implementation of agricultural water rights transfer can promote water saving, but may reduce the agricultural production in irrigation districts. In order to ensure food security, agricultural water rights transfer needs to be restricted by water-saving quantity and irrigation demand. Crop virtual water output compensation can improve the benefits of regional agricultural water use, so as to enhance the competitiveness of agricultural water, and then effectively control the quantity of water rights transfer. Therefore,analyze the relationship between agricultural water right transfer mechanism and virtual water compensation mechanism and establish the coupling model can optimize the allocation of agricultural water-saving in the industries and enhance the effect of water-saving in irrigation districts. Based on the collected data, we studied on the agricultural water right transfer mechanism and virtual water compensation mechanism.We analyzed the relationship between agricultural water rights transfer and virtual water output compensation and established a bi-level programming model with multiple objectives,which regarded the most optimal income of Irrigation Management Bureau and water users as the upper and lower targets, water rights transfer and virtual water compensation prices as the upper variables, water consumption of different water users as the lower variables. The model was applied in Hetao Irrigation District using enumeration method. We analyzed the changes of new water consumption of water users, benefits of Irrigation Management Bureau and water users with different prices and selected optimization schemes. The main results of this study are as follows:(1) Analyzed and established water right transfer mechanism and virtual water compensation mechanism. Based on the principle of game theory, the paper analyzed the disadvantages of the water rights transfer with non-policy adjustment, and then established the mechanism of water right transfer under policy adjustment; Analyzed virtual water compensation mechanism with game theory, established a complete virtual water compensation mechanism, including compensation subjects, objects, modes, methods,standards, and analyzed the significance of the virtual water compensation mechanism.(2) The coupling relationship between water right transfer mechanism and virtual water compensation mechanism was analyzed and the coupling framework was established. The water right transfer and virtual water compensation have both common and complementary.The coupling framework of water right transfer and virtual water compensation in irrigation areas was established by combining the physical water and the virtual water system.(3) Established the coupling model of water right transfer and virtual water compensation. This paper established a bi-level programming model with multiple objectives,which regarded the most optimal income of Irrigation Management Bureau and water users as the upper and lower targets, water rights transfer and virtual water compensation prices as the upper variables, water consumption of different water users as the lower variables.(4) The model is applied in Hetao Irrigation District.2012, 2020 and 2030 were chosen as planning years. Enumeration method was used to analyze varies of added water of water users,benefits of irrigation district management units and water use efficiency of different industries with prices and select optimization schemes. In 2012, virtual water compensation price is 1.85￥/m3, transfer prices of industrial and domestic water users are 1.95 and 2.30 ￥/m3, the total amount of water transfer is about 66.64% of water-saving quantity. In 2020, virtual water compensation price is 2.34 ￥/m3, transfer prices of industrial and domestic water users are3.36 and 1.87 ￥/m3, the total amount of water transfer is about 69.31% water-saving quantity.In 2030, virtual water compensation price is 2.60 ￥/m3, transfer prices of industrial and domestic water users are 3.77 and 2.11 ￥/m3, the total amount of water transfer is about69.94% water-saving quantity.(5) Tested and analyzed of the reliability and necessity of the coupling model. Curved varies of added water of water users, benefits of irrigation district management units and water use efficiency of different industries with prices. Added water consumption and water use efficiency of agricultural user grow with virtual water compensation price increase, added water consumptions and water use efficiencies of industrial and domestic users decrease with virtual water compensation price increase. Virtual water compensation price increased can promote water-saving, while agricultural water right transfer can create higher total social output and stimulate water-saving in irrigation district. |
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