| Water is fundamental to the survival of human resources, also is an integral part of social and economic development to natural resources. With the rapid development and constantly improvement of social economy and production levels in our country, the shortage of water resources and the pollution problem is more and more attention by us. As a traditional agricultural country, agricultural water consumption accounts for the proportion of the total water consumption is very big, more than 60%;farmland irrigation water as the main part of agricultural water, the utilization relates with the economic development and the agricultural production level of our country. Improve the efficiency of irrigation water, is the effective ways what to construct water-saving society, relieve the contradictions of water resources and to ensure food security. And which indicators to choose of evaluation on irrigation water efficiency is particularly important. This research analyzed on the two indicators, irrigation water use coefficient and water footprint of crop production. The main results are as follows:(1) Through consulting relevant references and data reviews the development process of irrigation water using efficiency evaluation. The shortcoming of the existing irrigation water use efficiency evaluation index. To definite and evaluate the existing evaluation indexes in science, summarize its applicable conditions, standard the using range of different indicators, and analyze its advantages and disadvantages.(2) Introduceing three kinds of calculation methods of the irrigation water using coefficient: Fore and after measure analysis, Segmenting fore and after measure and the piecewise measure. Based on analysing the research of the three methods to measure process, summarizing their advantages, disadvantages and applicability.(3) Crop production water footprint as regional irrigation water using efficiency as evaluation index and the limitations of traditional connotation irrigation water using efficiency evaluation is analyzed, from theory and practice on the comparison of the two indicators for the evaluation of irrigation water use efficiency. It can be seen that as regional irrigation water use efficiency evaluation index, crop production water footprint, strong comprehensive reflected more irrigation water use effect; Also lists the existing way of crop production water footprint calculation, namely, respectively based on crop water requirement and crop water consumption to calculate crop production water footprint method, it can be seen by comparing the crop production based on crop water consumption water footprint calculation method can more truly reflect the possession and use of water resources in the process of crop growth, the calculation results can synthetically reflect the effect of agricultural water-saving effect and irrigation water use.(4) Based on the Jinghuiqu irrigation district, on irrigation area scale irrigation water use coefficient, and crop production are analyzed and calculated by water footprint. Analyzed the canal system characteristics, management level, planting area and the natural climate factors on the influence of irrigation water use coefficient, can provide a reference for effective irrigation area in the future to improve irrigation water use coefficient; Were calculated respectively based on crop water requirement and crop water consumption of crop production, 2010-2015 were computed.in canal irrigation district water footprint, mapped the crop production water footprint interannual variation, according to the comparison results, based on crop water demand calculation of crop production water footprint, mainly ignored the water-saving irrigation, not a sufficient irrigation technology, and the application of modern agricultural technology in irrigation district, description based on crop water consumption calculation of crop production water footprint value can reflect the actual efficiency of irrigation water.(5) Irrigation water use coefficient and crop production water footprint is reflection of irrigation water use efficiency index, but both have obvious difference, and are closely linked. With the increase of water conservancy construction investment in recent years, the irrigation area of irrigation facilities have improved, irrigation water use efficiency, make the value of the crop production water footprint decreased year by year, is on the decline, crop yield per unit area at the same time is also the important factors that affect crop production water footprint, with the improvement of irrigation management level, the investment of agricultural means of production, the irrigation area of each crop production is on the rise, leading to crop production in the irrigation area water footprint and decreases, but the crop growth to a certain value, the smaller space of ascension at this time should be to improve water use efficiency to reduce the crop production water footprint, namely to reduce the crop production by improving irrigation water use coefficient water footprint. Finally the article puts forward some suggestions to irrigation water effective utilization coefficient calculation work of Shanxi province on the current, and the future development of informatization in the irrigation district were also discussed. |
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