| Potato is a kind of important food crops, and it is also a kind of economic crops with many kinds of uses. Potato starch is the main storage material of pota to tuber, its quality is excellent, and it has the special function that other plant starch can not be replaced. Potato starch and its derivatives are widely used in people’s daily production and life, especially in the food processing industry plays an important role in. Heilongjiang province is the dominant region of potato starch processing raw potato production in China, there are many starch processing enterprises in the region.In this study, use high starch potato varieties Dongnong310 and Kexin22 as experimental materials,which were selected and breeded in recent years,research the effects of Potassium Fertilizer on starch synthesis in different varieties. Determination of the different periods of the leaf and tuber starch synthesis related enzyme activity, quantitative analysis of key genes in tuber starch synthesis related enzyme, potash fertilizer effect of high starch potato starch accumulation in the enzymology and molecular mechanism was revealed preliminarily; Deter mination of the different periods within the tuber starch content and amylose content, at the time of harvest determined tuber yield and commodity rate of potato and starch yield, initially proved high starch potato varieties in potassium nutrition mechanism, provide the basic data for local area high starch potato varieties breeding and cultivation of quality control. The main results of this study are as follows:(1)There was no significant difference in the total starch content of tubers in the teste d cultivars, but the difference was very significant between the K treatments. With the increase of the amount of potassium fertilizer, the total starch content of the Dongnong310 and Kexin22 was increased, which reached the maximum value at K225, which wa s 17.03% and 16.79% respectively. Amylose starch content is between cultivars and treatments showed significant differences, increased with the increase of potassium fertilizer; amylose content of Dongnong 310 K150 treatment reached maximum, which was 23.72%, Kexin 22 K225 treatment reached the maximum value, which was 23.28%. The effect of potassium fertilizer application on starch composition was obvious.(2)With the advance of growth stage, under different treatments of Dongnong 310 and Kexin22 leaf and tuber AGPase, GBSS and SSS enzyme activity showed a single peak curve; starch branching enzyme(SBE) in the leaf and tuber change trend is slightly different, in leaves was gradually increasing trend, tuber is single peak curve.the enzyme activities of starch synthesis related enzymes in different organs and different varieties of the same organ were slightly different in the same period under the treatment of potassium fertilizer. n the middle and late stage of potato tuber starch synthesis and accumulation, the activity of starch synthesis related enzymes in the leaves and tubers of the Dongnong310 and Kexin22 was increased with the increase of potassium fertilizer amount.(3)Dongnong 310 and Kexin 22 tuber starch synthesis related enzyme key gene expressi on peak time and the enzyme activity reached the peak value at the same time, suggesting that the gene expression occurs at the transcription level of tuber starch synthesis and metabolism. In the middle and late stage of starch synthesis and accumulation in tubers, the peak value of the expression of the genes in the two K225 treated tubers was higher than that of K150 treatment.(4)With the advance of the growth process, Dongnong 310 and Kexin22 tuber AGPase and starch and its component sub content were no correlation; SBE and total starch accumulation was positively correlated; Dongnong 310 and Kexin22 tuber AGPase and GBSS and SSS were positively correlated; showed in starch synthesis and accumulation in the process of the enzymes involved in starch synthesis showed a synergistic interaction; Dongnong 310 various enzymes and corresponding genes was positively correlated, indicating that Dongnong 310, the enzyme activity level and test of the gene expression is closely related to.(5)Potato tuber yield was different with the amount of potassium fertilizer. With the increase of the amount of potassium fertilizer, the tuber yield of the 2 varieties decreased from low to high and then decreased. The yield and starch yield of Dongnong310 and Kexin22 i n K150 treatment were the highest, which was significantly higher than other treatments, the yield reached 1407kg/667m2 and 1359kg/667m2 respectively, and the starch yield reached 235.5kg/667m2 and 226.5kg/667m2 respectively. Preliminary determination of suitable potassium fertilizer application rate for locally grown high starch potato varieties was 150 kg/hm2. |
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