Differences In Protein Expression Affected By Powdery Mildew In Wheat

Wheat powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritic(Bgt) is considered a major wheat leaf disease in the main wheat regions of world. Recently, the wheat area damaged by wheat powdery mildew maintains at more than five million hectares which causes serious economic loss for wheat production. The most economical, most effective and safest method is planting resistant cultivars to control wheat powdery mildew. However, because of pathogen virulence variance and large-scale cultivation of a single cultivar, the resistance of new cultivars was lost soon. Resistance cultivars1 mechanism of anti-Bgt has importantly significance for the prevention of the wheat disease. The executor of organism ultimate function is protein, so the mechanism of the interaction between the plant and the pathogen cannot be completely understood just by analyzing the genome of plants or pathogens. With the development of biotechnology, proteomics acquires more and more researches, so that we can study and grasp the phenomenon of the life at the molecular level from an overall perspective.This paper made a series of experiments on protein level to study the resistance mechanism using two-dimensional electrophoresis of proteins, mass spectrometry and other techniques. This study reveals the differences in proteins expression affected by powdery mildew in wheat and identifies the functions of the up-regulated proteins when L699 was affected by powdery mildew. The main results were obtained as followed:1. The differences in proteins expression affected by powdery mildew in wheat:the experimental materials are L699, naimei836 and chuannong26. We extracted the experimental and control wheat leafs proteins at 2h,4h,8h,12h,24h post inoculation. The results are that the number of up-regulated proteins is 7.5.18,27,18 and the number of down-regulated proteins is 4,12,12,10,38 in wheat cultivar L699 at 2h,4h,8h,12h.24h after inoculation; the number of up-regulated proteins is 10,13,15,23,9 and the number of down-regulated proteins is 11,11,11,35,16 in wheat cultivar neimai836 at 2h,4h,8h, 12h,24h post inoculation; the number of up-regulated proteins is 3.9,7,25,74 and the number of down-regulated proteins is 4,13,9,7,18 in wheat cultivar chuannong26 at 2h, 4h,8h,12h,24h after inoculation.2. The functions of different proteins:The up-regulated proteins in wheat cultivar L699 at 2h,4h,8h,12h,24h after inoculation include proteins involved in disease defense response, Photosynthesis, signal transduction, carbohydrate metabolism, energy pathway, gene expression, protein turnover, cell structure and the proportion is 13%,13%, 2%,22%,6.5%,2%,28%,2% respectively. Meanwhile, there is 16.5% differently expressed proteins of unknown function.3. To discuss and analyze the known functional proteins, we infer that not only the proteins involved in disease defense response such as germin-like protein, heat shock protein, Lipoxygenase but also other physiology-related proteins take part in the process that wheat resists to the Bgt.