The Effects Of Nickel Chloride On Blood Parameters In Broilers

The aim of this was to explore the effect of NiCl2 on erythrocyte and erythrocyte immune adherence function and serum biochemical parameters in broilers fed diets with nickel chloride (NiCl2).A total of 280 one-day-old healthy broilers were randomly allotted into four equal groups of 70 birds and fed with a com-soybean basal diet (control group) or same hasal diets supplemented with 300,600 and 900mg/kg (NiCl2 groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ),and were supplied with water ad libitum for 42 days. Broilers were weighted each week and analyze their growth performance. Then, blood was collected at 14,28 and 42 days of age. The results were as follows:1. Effects of NiCl2 on growth indicated that the body weight was significantly lower (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01) in the NiCl2 groups I form 21 to 42 days of age, and were also markedly lower (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01) in the NiCl2 groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ form 14 to 42 days of age than that in the control group.2. Effects of NiCl2 on erythrocyte and erythrocyte immune adherence function showed that that red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb) contents and packed cell volume (PCV) were significantly lower (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01), and the hemolysis start point (HSP) and the hemolysis maximum point (HMP) of erythrocyte osmotic fragility (EOF) was higher (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01) in the NiCl2 groups II and III at 28 and 42 days of age than those in the control group. The sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na+/K+-ATPase) and calcium adenosine triphosphatase (Ca2+-ATPase) activities were significantly decreased (p<0.05 or p<0.01) in the NiCl2-treated groups. The erythrocyte C3b receptor rosette rate (E-C3bRR) was significantly decreased (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01) in the NiCl2 groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ, whereas the erythrocyte immune complex rosette rate (E-ICRR) was markedly increased (P＜0.05 or P<0.01) in the NiCl2 groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ, and Ⅲ at 28 and 42 days of age.3. Effects of NiCl2 on serum biochemical parameters were as follows:① The contents of serum total protein (TP), albumin (ALB) and globulin (GLB) were significantly lower (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01) in the NiCl2 groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ form 28 to 42 days of age, and the TP was lower (P<0.05) in the NiCl2 groups I at the 14 days of age than those in the control group. The content of total Bilirubin (TBIL) and the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities were markedly higher (P<0.05 or P＜0.01) in the NiCl2-treated groups than those in the control group, excerpt there were no significant in the TBIL between NiCl2 groups I and control group at the 14 days of age.The activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) were significantly increased in the NiCl2 groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ form 28 to 42 days of age as well as the ALT and AST activities were markedly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01) in the NiCl2 groups Ⅲ at 14 days of age in comparison with those of the control group.② The contents of serum creatinine (Cre) and uric acid (UA) were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01) in the NiCl2 groups Ⅱand Ⅲ form 28 to 42 days of age in comparison with those of the control group.③ The activities of serum creatine kinase (CK) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) were markedly higher (P<0.01) in the NiCl2 groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ form 14 to 42 days of age than those in the control group.④ The contents of serum total cholesterol (TC) and glucose (GLU) were significantly lower (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01) in the NiCl2 groups 、Ⅱ and Ⅲ, and the content of triglyceride (TG) was markedly lower (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01) in the NiCl2 groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ form 28 to 42 days of age than those in the control group.⑤ The contents of serum sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) were significantly decreased (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01) in the NiCl2 groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ form 28 to 42 days of age in comparison with those of the control group.It was concluded that dietary NiCl2 in excess of 300 mg/kg caused erythrocytic damage, anemia and impaired the erythrocyte immune adherence function, and the changes of blood biochemical indicators which induced the abnormal functions of liver, kidney, heart, substance metabolism, and mineral element in broilers.