Identification Of Soybean Lines Lacking Different Seed Storage Protein Subunits, Their Functional Properties Of Proteins And The Molecular Mechanism Of Lacking α’ Subunit

In this study, germplasm subunits obtained by polymerization crossbreeding methods for matrials, type of subunits, stability subunit content between years, quality traits and agronomic traits as well as α’ subunit missing molecular mechanisms were studied, to provide theoretical and practical guidance for soybean cultivation and processing and utilization of quality. The main results are as follows:1、Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis were identified and obtained lines lacking A3+α’ subunits, lines only containing β subunit, lines only containing α+β subunits, lines only containing α’+β subunits, lines only containing 7 S subunits, lines lacking A5A4B3 subunits, lines with the lower level of A2A1aA1b subunit and lines with the lower level of B1aB1bB2 subunit, etc.2、Analysis the differences of 7 S and 11S subunit content and its components of three types of soybean lines, which were the lines lacking A3+α’ subunits, containing only α+β subunits and containing 7 S subunits, with stably inherit. The result is:The lines containing only 7 S subunits had the highest amount of total 7 S while the lines lacking A3+α’ subunits had the highest level of 11 S; the 11 S+7 S components in a descending order were as follows:lines lacking A3+a’subunits, lines containing 7 S subunits, lines containing only α+β subunits; the variation range for the 11 S/7 S ratio in the three types was between 0.14 and 1.27.3、Analysis the agronomic character and qualitative character of the three types of soybean lines. The results is:the growth period for them was between 105 and 111 d; All the three new types had the same hundred-grain weight; the lines lack of A3+α’ subunits had the highest yield per plant of 55.12 g; the lines containing only α+β subunits had the lowest total amount of protein and oil (57.6%); protein contents in descending order as follows:lines containing 7 S subunits, lines lacking A3+α’ subunits, lines containing only a+p subunits, the fat content in a descending order were as follows:lines containing only α+β subunits, lines containing only 7 S subunits, lines lacking A3+α’ subunits.4、Analysis of functional properties of the three types of soybean lines. The results is:the lines containing only α+β subunits type Showed excellent hydrophobic properties, high foaming properties and emulsifying properties, higher oil holding capacity, relatively low water-holding capacity, and the gel has a minimum hardness, elasticity, cohesion, adhesion, chewiness, resilience and fracture strength; the line only containing 7 S subunits type showed excellent emulsifying properties, relatively high water-holding capacity, lower oil holding capacity, and the gel has the highest springing, cohesion and elasticity; the variation of function properties of the line lacking A3+α’ subunits was ont obvious.5、Were extracted two principal components analyze the relationship between the various components of soybean seed storage protein subunits and functional properties of the protein between the principal component extraction method, The results show that:water holding capacity and content of soy protein a subunit was significantly negatively correlated; held oil and α’ subunits was significantly negatively correlated, was significantly positively correlated with basic subunit; foaming ability and β subunit content pole a significant positive correlation, with the total 7 S+11 S was significantly negatively correlated; emulsion stability index and 11 S subunit content, acidic subunit content was significantly negatively correlated, with the ratio between 11 S/7 S was a significant negative correlation; protein gel total rupture strength and 7 S+11 S component showed a significant positive correlation.6、Differences were analyzed 7 S and 11 S component content, function-specific differences in soybean seed storage proteins with three different types of subunits deficiency which were planted in the same area for two years, the same year in different regions. Result:Subunits of 7 S component types,11 S components,7 S+11S component and 11 S/7 S ratio of the total impact of all highly significant level. Year affected 7 S component and the 7 S+11 S component of the total amount up to a significant level, the impact on the ratio of 11 S components and 11 S/7 S not significant; Interactions year and subunit type no significant effect on 7 S component,11 S components,7 S+11 S component of the total and the ratio of 11 S/7 S. Planting location affected 11 S component and the 7 S+11 S component of the total and the ratio of 11 S/7 S amount up to a significant level, the impact on the 7 S component not significant; Planting locations and types of interaction impact on soybean 7 S subunit component, affecting 11 S components and 11S/7 S ratio was significant impact on the total 7 S+11 S component was not significant. Year of the impact of EAI, AH, springing, fracturaction was highly significant; impact on the ESI, cohesive was significant. Interactions of year and subunit type influence △H, EAI, the protein gel cohesion, resilience and fracturaction of very significant, effect on protein denaturation temperature reached significant levels. Planting location of soy protein EAI, ESI and protein gel rupture impact strength up to a significant level, the impact on other functional properties of the protein was not significant; Planting locations and types of subunits Interactions EAI, ESI’s influence was very significant level, the impact on other functional properties of the protein was not significant.7、In two α’ subunit deficiency material containing only a+p subunit types, A3+α’ subunit deficiency type and reference Guiyang Zijin beans, contain only 7 S subunit type of research material, determined using SDS-PAGE during its broadcast-type subunits with stable, break clonal deletion subunits (α’ subunit) gene and the corresponding Cgyl gene and full-length cDNA sequences, Found that α’ subunit deficicency types could be amplified the second half of Cgyl gene sequence, and could not amplify the first half of the sequence Cgyl gene; the cDNA sequence of α’ subunit deficicency types missing up 36 bp deletion fragments at 361 bp place, and in 529 bp fragment of 12 bp deletion, at the same time between 361 bp and 543 bp in the presence of a plurality of nucleotide differences.