| Navel orange is a kind of main fruit on fruit market, so a large number of navel orange were planted in our country. Because of Cara Cara Navel Orange had the function of health care and therapeutic effect, so it had greater business value and market competitiveness. Thus so many consumers pursued them. But because of the stability of sugar, acid and yield, and it had cracking problem. It was a major problem faced to fruit growers and seriously restricted the development of Cara Cara Navel Orange Industry.In this study, we used Cara Cara Navel Orange as study material. In the prophase of fruit maturity, through covering the reflective film and spraying the mineral nutrition elements.Then we determined the external and internal index of fruit and diurnal variation of photosynthesis. At the same time we tested the mineral element content of mature period of fruit and leaf. According to the results of experiment to explore the influence of reflective film and foliar fertilization on quality of Cara Cara Navel Orange fruit. The main results were as follows:1.Effect of reflective film on the growth process of quality of Cara Cara Navel OrangeReflective film of Cara Cara Navel orange would have a certain impact on fruit appearance and internal quality. The fruit in the mature period of fruit weight was 211g, which were 45g higher than the control group. The soluble solids content in the mature period of the reflective film was 11.96 higher than that of the control group by 15.1%. The titration acid in the mature period of the reflective film was 0.71%, while the control group reached 0.85%. The peel red value in the mature period of the reflective film was 16.17,while the control group was only 9.32. The reflective film treatment could significantly improve fruit weight, soluble solids and lower titratable acid, and greatly improve the color of the fruit, but the reflective film had little effect on fruit shape index and edible rate.2.fect of reflective film on diurnal changes of photosynthesis of Cara Cara Navel OrangeThe fruit of garden paved reflecting film could improve Cara Cara Navel orange leaf net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance transpiration rate and photosynthetic active radiation and could decrease the intercellular CO2 concentration. At 9:32am,after covering film, the day net photosynthetic rate maximum value was up to 9000 μmol/ms, while the control group was only up to 3800 μmol/ms. The maximum value of stomatal conductance of leaf in the day after the laying of reflective film was increased by 100mol.h2O.m-2.s-1. The maximum value of leaf transpiration rate in the day after the laying of reflective film was increased by 1mmol. m-2.s-1.The effective radiation of the leaves was significantly higher than that of the control group,when the sun is insufficient. At the same time, The intercellular CO2 content were lower than the control. Therefore, after the laying of reflective film could use more light, water and CO2 to participate in the photosynthesis and improve the photosynthesis of tree.3.Effect of reflective film on the leaf and flesh of Cara Cara Navel Orange mineral nutrition elementsMo, K, Cu and Mg in the leaves of the reflective film were significantly higher than those in the control group, which were 50%,34%,16.8% and 15.2% higher than those of the control group. But Na, Zn, Co, B, Ca, Fe and Mn in the leaves of the reflective film were lower than the control group, which were lower than the control group by 38.2%,37.2%,22.7%,21.6%,17.1%,16.6% and 3.8%, respectively. At the same time, Fe, Cu, Mn and Mg in the flesh of the reflective film were 25.6%, 12.9%,5.9% and 1.4% higher than the control group, respectively. However, Mo. Na, B, Ca, Zn and K in the flesh of the reflective film were lower than the control group by 50%,18.2%,11%,8.8%,1.0% and 0.4% respectively. The reflective film had no effect on Co in the pulp.4. Effect of fertilization on the growth process of quality of Cara Cara Navel OrangeCalcium, boron and zinc fertilizer could improve fruit quality of Cara Cara Navel Orange. At the same time, fertilization did not change the trend during the growth of process of Cara Cara fruit quality. Three fertilization measures could increase the single fruit weight, after 0.15%Ca(NO3)2 4H2O treatment,the mature fruit weight was up to 192.93g, after 0.15% boric acid treatment,the mature fruit weight was up to 234.27g,0.05%ZnSO4 treated,the mature fruit weight was up to 215.62g,which were higher 36.09g,77.43g and 58.78g than the control. Calcium, boron and zinc fertilizer had improved effect on the fruit edible rate,the fruit of the mature stage after 0.15%Ca(NO3)24H20 treatment could reach 0.77,0.75 after 0.10% boric acid treatment, and 0.74 for 0.15%ZnSO4 after treatment,while the control group was only 0.64. Fertilization could also improve the fruit shape index, after 0.10%Ca(NO3)2 4H20 and 0.15%ZnSO4 treatment,the mature fruit shape index reached 0.97, after 0.10% boric acid treatment was 0.96, while the control group was only 0.93. Calcium fertilizer could significantly improve the peel brightness, boron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer could significantly improve the peel red value. Fertilization could improve the content of TSS and decrease the content of TA in fruit. TSS and TA were 11.76 and 0.59%,respectively,after 0.10%Ca (NO3)24H2O treatment.TSS and TA were 12.20 and 0.65%, respectively,after 0.15% boric acid treatment. TSS was 12.03 when 0.10%ZnSO4 was treated, TA was 0.65% in mature stage after 0.15%ZnSO4 treatment, While the TSS and TA were 11.06 and 0.85% in the control group.5.Effect of fertilization of Cara Cara Navel orange leaf and fruit mineral nutrition elementsCalcium, boron and zinc fertilizer on the leaf and flesh of Cara Cara Navel orange mineral elements had different effects. The effects of three fertilizers on the leaves were as:Calcium treatment could improve Mg, Ca and Mo content in leaves,and decreased Na, Mn, Co and Zn content, the different calcium concentration had different effects on K, B, Cu and Fe. After the treatment of boric fertilizer could increase the content of K,Fe, Cu and Mo in leaf and decrease Na, Mg, Ca, B, Mn, Co and Zn contents. Zinc fertilizer could increase the contents of Mo and K in leaves, and reduce the contents of Ca, Mn, B and Co, and the effects of Na,Mg, Fe, Cu and Zn were related to the concentration of zinc fertilizer. The effect of three kinds of fertilizers on the pulp was shown as:After calcium treatment in meat of Mg, K, Fe and Cu higher than that of the control, Co content was lower than control of pulp, The content of Na, Ca, B, Mn, Zn and Mo related to calcium concentration. Treatment of boric fertilizer could increase the flesh of B, Fe, Cu and Zn content, the influence of Na, Mg, K, Ca, Mn and Co are associated with boron concentration,boron fertilizer of Mo in the flesh had almost no effect. Zinc fertilizer could improve the content of Ca and Cu in the pulp,and reduce the content of B, Co and Mo, and high concentrations of zinc fertilizer could increase the content of Na, Mg, K, Fe, Zn and Mn, but low concentrations of zinc fertilizer could reduce the content of it. |
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