The Exploration And Characterization Of Kafirin Mutation Trait Of Sorghum Germplasm Resources

There were a lot of collection and preservation of sorghum germplasm resources in our country. For the propuse of the research on the innovation and utilization of sorghum germplasm resources effectively, we should try to carry out the study on comprehensive evaluation and analysis of the variety of sorghum germplasm resources. As the main component of sorghum seed protein, kafirins provide the basic amino acid for seed germination and seedling growth, and they have direct or indirect genetic relationship with morphological and agronomic traits. Kafirins were composed of y-kafirin (27 kDa), a-kafirin (22-28 kDa) and p-kafirin (19kDa). The research on the mutation characters of the kafirin of sorghum germplasm resources has important theoretical and practical significance for the research of sorghum genetics and breeding.In order to obtain genetic resources of variety of kafirins, in this paper, we made 207 sorghum germplasms originated from home and abroad as tested materials, researched their eight morphological and four agronomic traits, to analyze the genetic diversity and screened their kafirin traits. The results of the diversity of agronomic and morphological traits were as follows: the diversity order of 8 morphological traits was:kernel type>panicle type> the degree of shell cover>shell color> grain uniformity>grain color> panicle shape>kernel fullness, the order of 4 agronomic traits was: thousand-seed weight>plant height>panicle length>panicle width, and the average of agronomic traits genetic diversity index was significantly higher than that of morphological traits; Correlation analysis of agricultural traits showed that thousand-seed weight was positively correlated with plant height, and negatively correlated with panicle length and panicle width; Cluster analysis showed that tested materials can be initially classified into eight groups and each group had its unique agronomic traits.Experiments of 207 kafirins of different sources by SDS-PAGE were done to analysis kafirin genetic differences. Compared to the wild-type kafirin traits of germplasm "IS 12281", we excavated some representing genetic resources:β-lack, α1-lack, α2-lack, γ-lack, α1β-lack, α3β-lack, α1α3-lack, α1α2-lack, α1α3β-lack. These genetic resources have great value for the study of the relationship between the kafirin and the morphological traits, the agronomic traits, it is also important for the sorghum genetic breeding.