Screening Of Salt-alkali Tolerance Germplasm Resou Rces And Stability Of Yield And Quality Of Rice In Cold Region

The primary saline soil and secondary saline soil accounted for 10% of the total land area in the world. The area of saline land reached 6.7 billion hm2 in China, and salt became one of the most important abiotic stresses in agricultural production. Screening salt tolerant rice germplasm resources and analyzing the stability of rice germplasm under saline alkali stress has important significance for the utilization of saline alkali soil resources and salt tolerance breeding. This study adopted completely randomized trial design, through the early seedling salt tolerance screening, seedling of mixed salt alkaline stress screening and agricultural salinity stress screening, get some salt tolerant materials, and carries on the analysis to the under saline alkali stress, the yield and the quality of stability, main research results are as follows:1. The salt resistance and alkali resistance screening of the suitable concentration of NaCl was 150 mmol/L and Na2CO3+NaHCO3(3:1) was 40 mmol/L respectively before seedling stage.2.The strong salt tolerant materials was 13G143, high resistance alkaline were 13G028, 13G145 and 13G031 and agronomy resistant saline alkali stress strong material were Songjing 12, 13G040, 13G030, 13G028 and longdao 16 before seedling stage.3. The biological yield, root total absorption area and active area, root volume, RL and root absorption dry weight, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal, intercellular CO2 concentration and transpRIation rate RI of Salt tolerant materials were lower than that of the sensitive material.4. The inhibition performance of mixed salt and alkali stress on yield was two aspects, which are the number of ears and the weight of the ear. Among them, the main reason was the spike weight suppression, which was caused by the suppression of the number of one or two branches and the number of one or two branches, and the inhibition of the two stem characters was greater than that of one branch. Songjing 12, 13G040 and 13G030 resistant salt and alkali was strong, and its in the ear weight and ear and ear weight related the panicle length, grain density, grain number per spike and showed lower inhibitory rate. The protein content of rice was significantly higher than that of CK under salt and alkali stress, and there was no significant difference between the other quality indexes and the control. The yield, yield components and ear traits were mainly influenced by envRIonmental factors, but the dry matter accumulation, leaf area index, RL and root dry weight were mainly affected by genotype.5. The yield, yield components and ear traits were mainly influenced by envRIonmental factors, but the dry matter accumulation, leaf area index, RL and root dry weight were mainly affected by genotype. In terms of quality, processing quality and cooking quality are affected by genotype more than the envRIonment, and the appearance quality is affected by the envRIonment. The stability of 13G030, the number of GPS, grain number, SSR, theoretical yield, the number of the two branches, and the grain density were the best, and the stability of 13G028 was the best in the weight of 1000 grains.