| Taking modern agriculture base of Sichuan Agricultural University in Chongzhou as the object, this study consider the efficient use of water resources and modern agriculture infrastructure construction as its focus and is based on the local land use plan. Through the analysis of climate, water resource, soil and other natural conditions, this study tries to find out the principle and basis of farmland irrigation and drainage engineering design, the realization of irrigation and drainage under different land use patterns, the planning of farmland irrigation and drainage in Chongzhou base. After irrigation and water conservancy project being put into use, we monitored the soil moisture monitoring base under dry land and paddy field, studying the variation characteristics of soil natural water content during different crop growth period, analysis the effect of irrigation and drainage canal system under different land use patterns, evaluate the design of farmland water conservancy project, which provides technical reference for the modern agriculture base planning and similar construction. Main conclusions in this study are as the follows:(1) Water resources balance analysis indicates that the available water resources is 1.46×106m3. According to the crop planting structure, water resources required is1.2×106m3. The existing total water quantity can completely meet the demand of corps in agricultural base.(2) The agricultural drainage planning in modern agriculture base forms the branch canal, canal and matching of hydraulic structures as the main body of the farmland irrigation canal system network. The branch canal and lateral canal shows an overall "three vertical and three horizontal" layout, resulting on suitable density of agricultural drainage system.(3) Through the analysis of different requirements for water drainage in different corps’growth period, this study redesigned irrigation and drainage under different land use patterns. Plain area, with soil texture in soil conditions, its irrigation and drainage should combine both aspect; while the irrigation and drainage system in dry land and garden should be independent. Canal system engineering design of paddy field is referred as "rectangular agricultural drainage (50cm wide,100cm deep)+ends of irrigation mouth and outfall+canal wall square drainage hole"; that of dry land is referred as "rectangular agricultural drainage (50cm wide,100cm deep)+ends of irrigation mouth and outfall+ trapezoidal drainage ditch (100cm wide,100cm deep)+trench wall circular drainage hole"; that of garden is referred as "rectangular agricultural drainage (100cm wide,100cm deep) +ends of irrigation mouth and outfall+rectangular drainage ditch (50cm wide,120cm deep trench wall)+square drainage hole".(4) The changes of soil moisture content under different land use types from June to October showed that the mean value of paddy soil moisture is within a range of 25.94%-31.96%. The moisture can meet the demand of rice from its tillering and maturity period; moisture of dry land soil ranges from 24.37% to 30.28%, enough to offer summer maize to complete its grow; Melon and pepper in the garden is in good condition within a soil moisture range from 23.86% to 29.89%.(5) Spatial analysis of soil moisture before and after crop irrigation and drainage system indicates that moisture concentrates as a high value in irrigation region near the mouth of the paddy field, dry land and orchard after irrigation. The farther distance from irrigation mouth, the less on overall soil moisture; paddy field, dry land and garden can achieve their drainage through the drainage ditch and the trench wall drainage holes. The moisture between drainage hole and its exits increase with the distance. In the irrigation and drainage system, the values of soil moisture can meet the needs of normal growth of crops. |
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