Artificial Rearing Grus Japonensis Wintering Behavior Research In Zhalong Nature Reserve

Grus japonensis is rare and protected animals at the national level, as well as the vast number of experts and scholars study the crane class one of the important objects,Grus japonensis behavior research, is an important branch of bird behavior research,Study on the behavior of Grus japonensis mainly concentrated in the breeding season, and the behavior of the anestrous season is less.Is the country’s largest artificial breeding of Grus japonensis population did not migrate area of Heilongjiang Province in Zhalong Nature Reserve, and is not currently on the protection of artificial breeding of Grus japonensis in the winter of doing comprehensive records,Zhalong Nature Reserve of artificial feeding behavior observed in wintering Grus japonensis, understanding the Zhalong National Nature Reserve in artificial breeding of Grus japonensis in anestrous season of life history, found in captivity, the lack of management, to better protect the Grus japonensis, which is a rare species.The artificial rearing Grus japonensis wintering behavior observation were studied by scanning sampling method and the focusing method,Test in September 2013 to March 2014, in Zhalong Nature Reserve in Heilongjiang province,The artificial rearing Grus japonensis including the captive kinds of crane, the semi-captive cranes and caged groups. Results indicate that:the captive crane in Zhalong Nature Reserve in winter, standing behavior as the main behavior, and with the decrease of temperature, the distribution of the standing behavior is more, from the comparison with other behavior found, the captive crane is not through a large number of food intake, increased energy, resist cold, but reduce the energy consumption of more exercise behavior, turn to consume less power of persistent behavior; the captive crane in the identification of male and female, is difficult to distinguish from the form, but has been paired with a Red Crowned Crane chirping behavior has obvious gender differences, and artificial breeding of Grus japonensis have foot ring number, in order to distinguish between the male and female captive cranes. During winter, the female crane in the foraging behavior, wandering behavior and drinking behavior to more than male, male standing behavior, vigilance behavior and consolidation behavior to higher than The female, between male and female differences in behavior, performance of Grus japonensis to adapt overwintering environment in different ways.The semi-captive cranes wintering period, under the condition of low temperature, the semicaptive crane had reduced foraging, movement, consolidation behavior of distribution and standing behavior increased. Identification of male and female adult scattered raised cranes among individuals, the same kinds of the captive crane and differential method, from the behavior between male and female compared to male vigilance behavior to higher than that of the other family members, and has been maintained at a high level, female foraging behavior is higher than that of the males showed scattered raised cranes to adapt to the environment of individual differences, but also reflects Grus japonensis in family groups bear when certain responsibilities. In the period of the time, the behavior of the sub-adult crane is different from that of the adult, and in the coming breeding season of the year, the sub-adult crane will be driven out of the family, and this part of the content needs to be further observed.Artificial feeding group cranes wintering behavior observed in >-5℃, captive group cranes to foraging behavior is the main behavior. <-5℃, with a standing behavior for main behavior, groups crane behavior has the very big change, and the overall tend to decrease energy consumption behavior, instead of standing with less energy consumption behavior, as a group to the survival state in over-wintering stage.The main behavior of the comparison, with significant and very significant differences, but no obvious regularity, This has a great relationship with the population density, sex ratio and the number of the population.Group cranes is the largest Grus japonensis populations in Zhalong Nature Reserve, to explore a suitable groups crane welfare in cage, will be a new research direction.Zhalong nature reserve in the winter cold weather, bad for Grus japonensis wintering in that place, but the Artificial crane species has adapted to the harsh environment of coping styles, become the largest not migratory Grus japonensis population in our country. Zhalong Nature Reserve of artificial feeding behavior observed in wintering red crowned cranes, about the artificial breeding of Grus japonensis not conspecific life in wintering and complement for the Red Crowned Crane in the non breeding season of behavior to provide data for the study, is conducive to better protect the Grus japonensis.