A Study On Breeding And Cultivation Of A New Tomato Cultivar ’Zhefen701’ With The Resistance To TYLCVD

Tomato yellow leaf curl disease which caused by Tomato yellow leaf curl virus(TYLCV) is one of the most severe diseases affecting the production of tomato. To date, the prevention method of TYLCVD was mainly focoused on the control of wihtefly population, as the traditional physical and chemical control methods were not effective for the prevention of TYLCV spreading, breeding a new tomato variety with TYLCV resistance is now the most cost-efficient measure. Because of late start, there are only a few research units working on breeding the TYLCV disease resistant variety in China, which is dropped far behind relative institutions abroad. In our study, through comparative test, production test, disease resisting identification, cultivation techniques and pollen preservation for seed production study on the the new TYLCVD resisting variety "Zhefen701", hoping to provide relative scientific support for the further promotion of this new variety.1. According to the comparative test results, the TYLCVD resisting ability, fruit commodity and yielding ability of "Zhefen701" and "Zhefen702" were proved to be better than the other tested varities. Between these two, the storage property and fruit commodtiy of "Zhefen701" was better; Furthermore, comparing to "Zhefen202", although the maturity of "Zhefen701" seemed to be slightly delayed, total early stage and total yield were both higher. Thus, the comprehensive characters of "Zhefen701" was significantly better than the other tested cultivars, which has higher accepted by market.2. According to production test data, the average early stage yield, total yield, commodity fruit yield and commodity rate of "Zhefen701" were 5.6%、32.5%、38.2% and 3.6% higher than control. The commodity fruit rate of "Zhefen701" under spring and autumn cultivation pattern was significantly different, which proved autumn cultivating optimal for "Zhefen701" production.3. Disease resisting test showed using Ty-2 containing SCAR marker, infectious clone injection and whitefly infection and screening methods, "Zhefen701" was proved to be resistant to Tomato yellow leaf curl virus(TYLCVD), Tomato masaic virus and Tomato fusarium wilt.4. The study on pollen preservation indicated that low temperature preservation could effectively extend the activity of pollen. As the germination rate of pollen decreasing with time extending, the drecreasing level diverse under different storage conditions. 5℃ was optimal for 2 days’ storage and-25℃ for 7 days. If the storage time is longer than 30 days,-25℃、-70℃、-196℃ would be recommanded.-196℃ was best for long time preservation. According to our experience, temperature changing application could improve the germination rate, for example, defrosting under-70℃/-25℃ was optimal for pollens preserved for 180 days under-196℃.5. The key cultivation techniques of "Zhefen 701" were as follows:(1)Sowing at optimum period and avoid high density planting, 2200-2800 plants/mu and 25-40 cm row spacing were proved to be reasonable.(2)Rational fertilization, organic fertilizer 1000kg/mu; Compound fertilizer 10kg/mu when first fruits grow to the size of walnut; 20-25kg/mu compound fertilizer for top dressing when second and third fruits starting enlargement.(3)Control the amount of whiteflies during production.